A separation method of ground water from runoff by dissolved and partial pressure of carbon dioxide gas

吉冈是该项目的研究员，他研究了从不同地区采集的地下水中计算出的溶解二氧化碳气体、碳酸氢盐含量和pH值之间的关系。他报道了以下结果：(1)滑坡地区二氧化碳分压分布的模式值在10^&lt；-2.3；；而花岗岩地区为10^&3.1；；(2)利用pH-HCO3^-PCO2图等发现了从水质区分溪水和地下水的可能性，研究目的是验证这一观点。试验田位于花岗岩组成的山坡上，面积为0.3公顷。在现场，该项目的首席调查员在其他地方报告说，在径流开始时发现了平移流。水的观测和采样从1992年10月开始，每周进行一次，持续一年多。在不同的点进行水的采样；(1)水平钻孔…为排水基岩中的水而钻出的更多孔(点名为1、2和4)，(2)为收集表层土壤中的水而钻取的垂直钻孔(点名为A-E)，(3)试验场的渗出点(点名为10G)，(4)试验场的径流水(点名为10)。从表观采样点看，地下水似乎是水平和垂直钻孔以及渗出点的地下水。溪水应该是径流水。但结果表明，在渗漏点采样的水被归类为溪水，径流水被归类为地下水。从渗出点取样的水是沿着植物根部落下的一滴水。在一周的时间里，在根部下方放置一个采样瓶。因此，这些水被认为是地下水。这种渗漏出水的数据，有时会散布在图表上，与其他数据相比。这种散布被发现是由一周的总降雨量造成的。得出渗漏水的来源是雨水的结论。PH-HCO3^-PCO2图表明，渗出水为溪流渗出水，径流水采样点位于山坡上的一个水头凹陷。因此，径流水被认为是地下水。利用pH-HCO3^-PCO2图可以区分溪水和地下水。对径流水的分析结果表明，暴雨停止后2小时采集的数据在图上靠近溪水区域。这一结果表明，根据暴雨期间采样的水质来区分溪水和地下水是可能的。较少

Yoshioka who is a investigator of this project examined the relationship among the calculated dissolved carbon dioxide gas, bicarbonate contents and pH in the ground water sampled from various area. He reported the following results ; (1)The mode value of partial pressure distribution of carbon dioxide gas was found at 10^<-2.3> atmosphere in landslide areas, but at 10^<-3.1> atmosphere in granite areas, (2)A possibility of distinction between stream and ground water from water quality was found by using a pH-HCO_3^--PCO_2 diagram, etc.The object of the research is to examine the view. The test field is placed on a mountain slope composed of granite and is 0.3 ha in area. In the field, the head investigator of this project was reported elsewhere that a translatory flow was recognized at the beginning of runoff. Observations and sampling of water were started from October, 1992, made in every week, and is continued over one year.Waters are sampled at various points ; (1) horizontal bore … More holes which were drilled to drain water contained in a base rock(point name as 1,2 and 4), (2) vertical bore holes which were drilled to collect water in a surface soil layer(point name as A-E), (3) a seepage out point in the test field(point name as 10G), (4) runoff water from the test field(point name as 10).From the apparent sampling sites, ground water is seemed to be those from horizontal and vertical bore holes and from a seepage out point. Stream water is supposed to be runoff water. But the result shows that the water sampled at a seepage point is classfied as stream water, and the runoff water, as ground water. The water sampled from a seepage out point is that of a drop of water which fall down along roots of plants. A sampling bottle is placed below the roots during one week. The water, therefore, is supposed as ground water. The data of this seepage out water, sometimes, scattered on the diagram in comparison to other data. This scattering is found to be caused by the total amount of rainfall in a week. Then, it concluded that the origin of seepage out water is rainwater. The pH-HCO_3^--PCO_2 diagram, therefore, shows that the seepage out water is stream one.The sampling point of runoff water is placed at a head hollow on a mountain slope. The runoff water, therefore, is considered to be classified as ground water. Thus, we can distinguish stream water from ground water by the pH-HCO_3^--PCO_2 diagram.The result of runoff water shows that data which was sampled at two hours later after the stop of a heavy rainfall is plotted near to the area of stream water on the diagram. The result suggests that a possibility of distinction between stream water and ground water is made by quality of water sampled during a heavy rainfall. Less