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Study on the Management for the Air Pollution in the Extensive Urban Area with the Vehicle traffic as its factor.

以车辆交通为因素的大范围城市区域空气污染治理研究

基本信息

批准号：
03832015
负责人：
ICHINOSE Toshiaki
金额：
$ 1.34万
依托单位：
The University of Tokyo
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1991
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1991 至 1992
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-03832015/
关键词：
air pollution traffic energy waste heat urban sea breeze atmospheric environment Kanto 海陸風系関東地方ヒ-トアイランド放射環境

项目摘要

Simulation of the expansion of air pollution by vehicle traffic in the urban area was done and its management was discussed.1) Heat island around Tokyo was focused and its differences of diurnal change by its intensity, distribution or the meteorological condition, of annual change and by the radiative environment and its area were surveyed. The characters in the style of heat island by the radiative environment during the night and the maxium of the difference by the radiative environment in winter were clarified.2) To estimate the amount of the waste heat or of the load for the atmosphere by vehicle traffic the energy consumption in the transportation sector in each fuels was estimated and its unit energy consumption or share in all sectors were compared among several cities or regions in the world with several kinds of statistics. The regional variety of the energy consumption structure in the urban area or of the unit load for the atmosphere were clarified.3) To clarify the relationships between the land-sea breeze and the distribution of the concentration of oxidant in Kanto region, Japan the relationships between the land-sea breeze and polluted area was surveyed wiyh the hourly data of the observatory points for air pollution from June to August in 1983. Polluted pattern was roughly classified into 3 types by the existence of the land breeze and the scale of the sea breeze, and precisely into 7 types by the shape of the sea breeze. Additionally with the methods of Suzuki-Kawamura (1987), the relationships between the synoptic presure pattern and the shape of the land-sea breeze the scenario for the management of vehicle traffic by the meteorological information was discussed.

1）以东京周边地区为研究对象，分析了东京周边地区热岛效应的日变化、年变化以及辐射环境和面积变化的差异。阐明了夜间辐射环境的热岛类型特征和冬季辐射环境差异的最大值为了估算汽车交通对大气的废热或负荷量，估算了交通部门每种燃料的能耗，并比较了几个城市的单位能耗或在所有部门中的份额或者世界上有几种统计数据的地区。3）为了弄清日本关东地区海陆风与氧化剂浓度分布的关系，利用1983年6 ~ 8月空气污染观测点的逐时资料，调查了海陆风与污染面积的关系。根据陆风的存在和海风的大小，将污染类型大致分为3类，根据海风的形状，将污染类型精确分为7类。此外，还用Suzuki-Kawamura（1987）的方法讨论了天气气压型与海陆风形状的关系，以及利用气象信息进行交通管理的方案。