Study on the behavioral alteration of wild Japanese macaques.

野生日本猕猴行为改变的研究。

• 批准号: 04640607
• 负责人: WATANABE Kunio
• 金额: $ 0.83万
• 依托单位: KYOTO UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1992
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1992 至 1993
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-04640607/
• 关键词: Japanese macaques; Wakasa district; Kiso district; Distribution; Historical change; Conservation; Crop raiding; 若狭; 木曽

The recent expansion of distribution of wild Japanese macaques was studied in the Wakasa district of Fukui Prefecture and in the Kiso district of Nagano Prefecture. The results obtained are as follows ; 1)rapid expansion of the distribution of Japanese macaques occurred after 1970, 2)the macaques who was not afraid the presence of human beings increased, which might cause the approach to the villages and cultivated fields, 3)the possible factor influenced can be the decreasing labors in the local villages, especially those for agricultures and forest-ries, 4)the exclusion of macaques from the game animals after the second world war also accelerated the trend, 5)enrichment of the nutritious conditions by taking crops in the field may influenced on their higher birth ratios, 6)the large-scaled timbering which was done during 1950s to 1960s could induce the first-step movement of the macaques from the deep in mountainous areas to the near of human beings, 7)at present even the "country monkeys" do not fear human beings so much and some "urban monkeys" showed very familiar behaviors with them in the cultivated fields and/or near the villages, 8)such macaques may forage around the cultivated fields and became to have a very wider home range. These alteration of the behavior of wild Japanese macaques reflects the historical changes of Japanese society and it needs to establish a new relationships between wild animals and human beings in Japan.

在福井县的若狭地区和长野县的木曾地区，研究了日本野生猕猴最近的分布扩展。所得结果如下：（1）1970年以后，日本猕猴的分布迅速扩大;（2）不怕人的猕猴增多，可能导致猕猴向那些村庄和耕地靠近;（3）当地村落劳动力减少，特别是农林劳动力减少，可能是影响猕猴分布的因素;（4）第二次世界大战后猕猴被排除在狩猎动物之外也加速了这一趋势。（5）通过在田间种植作物来丰富营养条件可能会影响其较高的出生率。6）50 ~ 60年代的大规模支护，诱发了第一次-猕猴从大山深处向人类附近的步进运动，7）目前，即使是“乡下猴子”也不那么害怕人类，一些“城市猴子”在耕地上表现出与人类非常熟悉的行为，或靠近那些村庄，8）这些猕猴可能会在耕地周围觅食，并成为一个非常广泛的家庭范围。野生日本猕猴行为的改变反映了日本社会的历史变迁，日本需要建立一种新的野生动物与人的关系。