PROPERTIES AND STRUCTURE OF C60 AND HIGHER-FULLERENE THIN FILMS

用液相色谱法纯化的C_<60>、C_<70>、C_<76>和C_<84>从钼船（蒸发源）中真空蒸发，并在NaCl、云母和石英等固体表面沉积。在云母衬底上，所有的富勒烯都形成了具有fcc结构的外延生长单晶薄膜。fcc-富勒烯的晶格常数随构成富勒烯的碳原子数的平方根线性变化。另一方面，在NaCl上生长的富勒烯薄膜是多晶的。当衬底在高温下保持时，结构为fcc，否则以hcp结构为主。富勒烯薄膜的电子结构和光学性质的电子能谱分析表明，C_<60>、C_<70>、C_< 76和C_<84>的带隙分别为1.7、1.8、1.3和1.2 eV。光吸收和发射研究表明富勒烯固有的光学性质，如大的三阶非线性响应。

C_<60>, C_<70>, C_<76> and C_<84> purified by liquid chromatography were evaporated in vacuum from a molybdenum boat (evaporation source) and deposite on solid surfaces such as NaCl, mica and quartz.1. Electron microscopy of fullerene thin filmsOn mica substrate, all the fullerenes studied formed epitaxitally grown single-crystalline films with the fcc structure. The lattice constants of the fcc-fullerites change linearly with the square root of the number of carbon atoms constituting a fullerene. On the other hand, fullerene films grown on NaCl were polycrystalline. The structures were the fcc when the substrate was held at elevated temperature, otherwise a hcp structure was dominant.2. Electronic structures and optical properties of fullerene filmsElectron energy loss spectroscopy revealed that the band gaps of C_<60>, C_<70>, C#76 and C_<84> were 1.7, 1.8, 1.3 and 1.2 eV, respectively. Optical absorption and emission studies showed optical properties inherent in fullerenes such as large third-order nolinear response.