An approach based on a high temperature tolerant Cymbidium mutant to understanding flower bud blasting

基于耐高温蕙兰突变体的花芽爆裂研究方法

• 批准号: 04660026
• 负责人: OHNO Hajime
• 金额: $ 1.34万
• 依托单位: Nagoya University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1992
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1992 至 1993
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-04660026/
• 关键词: Cymbidium; Flower Bud Blasting; High Temperature Tolerant Mutant; Abscisic Acid; Gibberellin; Uniconazole; 花粉形成

In this research we have examined how and why Cymbidium flower buds become blasted by high temperature using a high temperature tolerant mutant and another non-tolerant cultivar. The tolerant mutant isolated from a mericlone revealed the same somatic chromosome number of 2n=40 as its original cultivar (Ruby Eyes 'Golden Star'). The mutant produced a smaller amount of pollen, which suggests some abnormal events in microsporogenesis. Among mutant plants propagated by meristem culture, non-tolerant ones were also found. Therefore, we have tried to distinguish them from tolerant mutants. However, this was only done for very limited number of mutants. Because, most mutant plants did not initiate inflorescences probably due to after-effect of division conducted in 1992For the above reason, further experiments were carried out with the non-tolerant cultivar(Sazanami 'Haru-no-umi'). When plants grown at low temperatures(20ﾟC day/14ﾟC night)were transferred to high temperatures(30ﾟC/24ﾟC), absc … More isic acid(ABA)content of flower buds increased up to 5 fold of the initial content. Onthe contray, that of control ones remained around the initial level. Under low temperature conditions, exogenous ABA lowered growth rate of flower buds. Some of ABA-treated flower buds became blasted resulting in reduced flowering. Inhibitory effect of ABA was abolished by gibberellic acid(GA_3).We also examined effect of an GA biosynthesis inhibitor uniconazole on flower bud development. Uniconazole-treated flower buds evolved much more ethylene than control ones and finally became blasted. The effect of uniconazole was completely reversed not by GA_3 treatment but by combined application of GA_3 with silver thiosulfate. These results revealed participation of GA in flower bud development, and also supported the hypothesis proposed based on previous studies that high temperature causes GA deficiency and/or GA insensitivity of flower buds, which in turn leads the flower buds to blasting though stimulating ethylene evolution. Less

在本研究中，我们研究了如何和为什么兰花花蕾成为高温爆裂使用耐高温突变体和另一个不耐品种。从一个无性系中分离到的耐受突变体显示与其原始品种（红宝石眼睛'金星'）相同的体细胞染色体数目2n=40。该突变体产生的花粉量较少，这表明小孢子发生过程中发生了一些异常事件。在通过分生组织培养繁殖的突变体中，也发现了不耐受的突变体，因此我们试图将它们与耐受突变体区分开来。然而，这仅仅是针对数量非常有限的突变体。因为，大多数突变体植物可能由于1992年进行的分裂的后效而没有开始开花。出于上述原因，用非耐受性品种（Sazanami 'Haru-no-umi'）进行了进一步的实验。当将生长在低温（20 ℃白天/14 ℃夜晚）下的植物转移到高温（30 ℃/24 ℃）下时， ...更多信息 花蕾中的异黄酮酸（阿坝）含量增加到初始含量的5倍。而对照组则维持在初始水平。在低温条件下，外源阿坝降低了花芽的生长速率。一些ABA处理的花蕾变得爆裂，导致开花减少。赤霉酸（GA_3）可解除阿坝的抑制作用，并研究了赤霉酸生物合成抑制剂烯效唑对花芽发育的影响。烯效唑处理的花蕾比对照花蕾进化出更多的乙烯，最后变成了爆炸。烯效唑的作用不被GA_3处理完全逆转，而被GA_3与硫代硫酸银银联合施用完全逆转。这些结果揭示了GA参与了花芽发育过程，也支持了前人提出的高温导致花芽GA缺乏和/或GA不敏感，进而通过刺激乙烯释放导致花芽爆裂的假说。少