Highly oriented cellulose and determination of its crystal structure

高取向纤维素及其晶体结构的测定

• 批准号: 04660179
• 负责人: OKANO Takeshi
• 金额: $ 1.41万
• 依托单位: The University of Tokyo
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1992
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1992 至 1993
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-04660179/
• 关键词: Cellulose crystal; wood cellulose; ramie cellulose; Elastic constants of crystal; Crystal conversion; Chitin; Saggita; high-orientation; X線回折; 結晶構造; あて材; チキン; アルカリセルロース

(1) Characteristics of cellulose microfibril from wood were investigated, and comparison was made on the crystal lattice constants with those from algal and bacteria. The lattice constants of wood cellulose changed by delignification treatment. Before the treatment the constants of softwoods and some hardwoods were very similar to those of algal-bacterial cellulose. After the treatment they were cotton-ramie cellulose. This modification was something like the conversion of cellulose I-alpha into I-beta by its thermal treatment. Consequently, there was significant difference between cellulose microfibril of softwoods and hardwoods.(2) Physical properties of lignified cell walls of plants are different from those of non-lignified ones. When fibers were elongated cellulose crystal deforms, and the ratio of crystal strain to the fiber strain of wood was nearly 1, on the other hand, that of ramie fibers was 1/3 to 1/2. Crystalinity of ramie cellulose was remained unchanged, but elastic modulus became small and inner surface increased when it was converted to II and III.(3) Space group of alpha chitin was found to be P2_1 2_1 2_1. We investigated alpha chitin from grasping spine of saggita by x-ray and electron diffractions. Forbidden spots was observed only by electron diffraction and they disappeared when the reciprocal axis of crystal was rotated. From those observation multiple reflections caused the forbidden reflections. Professor

(1)研究了木质纤维素微纤维的特性，并与藻类和细菌纤维素微纤维的晶格常数进行了比较。脱木质素处理改变了木质纤维素的晶格常数。处理前，软木和部分硬木的常数与藻菌纤维素的常数非常接近。处理后为棉麻纤维素。这种修饰类似于通过热处理将纤维素i - α转化为i - β。因此，软木和硬木的纤维素微纤维存在显著差异。(2)植物木质化后细胞壁的物理性质与未木质化的细胞壁不同。当纤维被拉长时，纤维素晶体变形，木材的晶体应变与纤维应变之比接近1，而苎麻纤维的晶体应变之比为1/3 ~ 1/2。苎麻纤维素转化为II和III后，结晶度不变，但弹性模量变小，内表面增大。(3) α几丁质的空间群为P2_1 2_1 2_1。用x射线衍射和电子衍射法研究了牛爪棘中α几丁质的含量。禁止点仅通过电子衍射观察到，当晶体的倒轴旋转时，禁止点消失。从这些观测中，多重反射产生了禁止反射。教授

项目成果

Wada, M., Sugiyama, J.and Okano, T.: "The monoclinic phase is dominant in wood cellulose" Mokuzai Gakkaishi. 40. 50-56 (1994)

Wada, M.、Sugiyama, J. 和 Okano, T.：“单斜晶相在木材纤维素中占主导地位”Mokuzai Gakkaishi。

Wada,M.Sugiyama J.,and Okano,T.: "The monoclinic phase is dominant in wood cellulose" Mokuzai-Gakkaishi. 40. 50-54 (1994)

Wada，M.Sugiyama J.，和 Okano，T.：“单斜晶相在木材纤维素中占主导地位”Mokuzai-Gakkaishi。

Wada,M.: "Native cellulose on the basis of two crystalline phase system" J.Applied Polymer Science.49. 1491-1496 (1993)

Wada，M.：“基于两个结晶相系统的天然纤维素”J.Applied Polymer Science.49。

Sugiyama,J.: "Morphology and structure of crystalline cellulose" Proceedings of the second TRICEL symposium. 8. 15-23 (1993)

Sugiyama,J.：“结晶纤维素的形态和结构”第二届 TRICEL 研讨会论文集。

Wada,M.Sugiyama J.,and Okano,T.: "Native cellulose on the basis of two crystalline phase(Iα/Iβ)" Journal of Applied Polymer Science. 49. 1491-1496 (1993)

Wada, M. Sugiyama J. 和 Okano, T.：“基于两种结晶相 (Iα/Iβ) 的天然纤维素”《应用聚合物科学杂志》49. 1491-1496 (1993)。