Studies on the polyploidy formation and shoot production by protoplast fusion in economic seaweeds

最佳融合条件为：电场间距1 mm，频率1.0 MHz，交流电压30V，起始时间120min，脉冲宽度100muS，直流电压300V，场强3.00KV/cm，交流电压30V，重复间隔时间1 S，脉冲数3，直流电压100%，直流电压100%，交流电压100%。在这种条件下，原生质体像一串珍珠一样排列在一起，它们发生了融合。融合率为0.2~0.25%。到目前为止，这一比率在其他海藻报告的比率范围内。融合后的原生质体含有两个叶绿体，大小为原叶绿体的1.2~1.5倍。融合的原生质体发育成多细胞的叶状体，并呈两极萌发(一极长出一个根状细胞，另一极长出一个有色的叶状体)。这一发育模式类似于该物种的游动孢子和配子的发育模式。作为本研究的结果，人们认识到有可能产生多倍体植株。

Optimum conditions of the prtoplast fusion of Enteromorpha linza were determined as follows ; Electric Space 1 mm, Frequency 1.0 MHz, V AC(PRI) 30 V, Initial Time 120 S, Pulse Width 100muS, V DC 300V, Field Strength 3.00KV/cm, V AC(SED) 30 V, Repeat Interaval 1 S, Pulse Number 3, V DC DEC Rate 100%, Final time IS, and V AC DEC Rate 100%. Under these conditions, the protoplasts aranged themselves like a strand of pearls, and their fusion occurred. The fusion rate was 0.2-0.25%. This rate is within the range of the rates reported from other seaweeds up to the present. The fused prtoplast had two chloroplasts and its size was 1.2-1.5 times larger than that of the original. The fused prtoplast developed a multi celluar thallus, and showed bi-polar germinatin (a rhizoidal cell came out from one pole and a pigmented thallus came out from the other pole). This deveopmental pattern is similar to that of zoospores and gametes of this species, Enteromorpha linza.As a result of the present study it is recognized that it is possibile to produce polyloidal plants of Enteromorpha linza.