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Studies on the consolidation of the condition and the strengthening of the economic power for international marketing competition in agriculture.

巩固农业国际市场竞争条件和增强经济实力的研究

基本信息

批准号：
04660238
负责人：
IMAI Raizo
金额：
$ 1.34万
依托单位：
TOTTORI UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1992
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1992 至 1993
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

I.Mixed Crop and Livestock farming is sdapted to both large and small farms, although considerable acreage or the purchase of concentrate feeds are usually requied if any large volume of business is obtained It is one of the less spectacular types of farming, but general farming frequently insures more stability in income and less risk than accompanies highly specialized types of faring which involve large investments and cash operationg expenses.Under this system the average beef cattle farming can care for from 5 to 7 hectare of pady field and for 15 hectare of pasture, depending on its productvity, and the amount of paddy field and land in pasture. lf management is good, this system of farming for a beef cattle farming upon paddy field with grazing system is one of the most low cost production system. This chapter explained to the effectiveness of this system by model example on a beef cattle farming.II.The operation of a family farm today is a going business to requires a considerable investment in machinery and other material in most areas. ln this paper we consder the farmer's management problems of a capital investment and utilization of labor as the farm business. These roblems include (1) planning the most advantageous combination of the productve resources that he has or expects to obtain for use in farming, (2) planning the most effective combination of farm enterprises, and (3) operating the farm efficiently as a going concern. Our findings in this study are summerized below.One of the types of farmng that can be most efficiently handled by the labor force available in a farm family is a type of the mixed crop and livestock farming in paddy rice culture, provided that farm labor in peak seasons is requred to assist a hired labor force in any other type of farming. And we see the need for comparing the labor available each month with the needs for that month ; figuring on the yeary basis alone may be easily misleading.

农畜混合养殖适用于大型和小型农场，尽管如果获得大量业务，通常需要相当大的种植面积或购买精料。这是不太引人注目的养殖类型之一，但与涉及大量投资和现金运营费用的高度专业化养殖相比，普通养殖通常能确保更稳定的收入和更低的风险。在这种系统下，平均而言，肉牛养殖可以照顾5-7公顷的PADY田和15公顷的牧场，具体取决于其生产率以及稻田和牧场的数量。如果管理良好，这种水田放牧养肉牛的养殖制度是成本最低的生产制度之一。本章通过一个肉牛养殖的模型实例说明了该系统的有效性。2.在大多数地区，家庭农场的经营是一项需要相当大的机械和其他材料投资的创业。本文将农户的资金投入和劳动力利用作为农场经营的经营问题进行了探讨。这些问题包括(1)规划他已有或预期获得的产品资源的最有利组合，以供耕作使用；(2)规划最有效的农场企业组合；及(3)将农场作为持续经营的企业有效地经营。我们在这项研究中的发现总结如下：一个农场家庭中可用的劳动力可以最有效地处理的一种农场类型是水稻种植中的一种混合作物和牲畜耕作，前提是在旺季需要农场劳动力来帮助任何其他类型的农业中的受雇劳动力。我们认为有必要将每月可用的劳动力与当月的需求进行比较；仅以年为基础计算可能很容易产生误导。