Growth, Herbage Utilization and Meat Production in Japanese Black and Brahman Sired Crossbred Cattles

日本黑牛和婆罗门杂交牛的生长、牧草利用和肉类生产

• 批准号: 04660282
• 负责人: YAMAGISI Toshihiro
• 金额: $ 1.28万
• 依托单位: Tohoku University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1992
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1992 至 1993
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-04660282/
• 关键词: Beef cattle; Brahman; Crossbreeding; Grazing ability; Digestibility; Behavior; Growth; 黒毛和種

This study was carried out to examine whether an introduction of the germ plasm of Brahman(Z) breed was effective or not for improving the herbage utilization, physiological fundtion and growth potential of Japanese beef cattle.1. Blood components and circulating levels of hormones were evaluated for 1/4Z, 3/4 Japanese Black(B) and BB heifers in the term of grazing and housing, and genetic differences in their traits were determined. Blood samples were taken in July and Octorber and eight houres before and after feeding of concentrate, and clinical screen of blood chemistries, IGF-1, T3 and Insulin were measured. 1/4Z was higher in cholesterol level and lower in trigricerid and total protein levels than BB in any terms. There were no breed-group differences in IGF-1 and T3.1/4Z tended to be higher than BB in insulin response after feeding of concentrate, but in the corresponding response of plasma glucose, there was no breed-group difference.2. Daily gain(DG), herbage utilization and behavior in grazing were evaluated for calves of 1/4Z(3/4B), BB and Japanese Shorthorn(NN). NN was larger in DG than 1/2Z and BB, but there was no difference between 1/2Z and BB.NN was higher in fiber digestibility of July than other two, but there were no differnces among breed groups in herbage intakes per metabolic body weight and dry matter and protein digestibillities. In grazing beheviour, there was a difference between July and Octorber, but no differences among breed groups. As reasons of these results, the following two points were suggested, (1) breed charaacteristics were not shown by one group grazing of all calves, (2) releasing amounts per a day of chromic oxide capsule given for the estimation of herbage intakes were not constant in term of grazing.

本研究旨在探讨引进婆罗门牛种质对提高日本肉牛的牧草利用率、生理机能和生长潜力的有效性.测定了放牧和舍饲条件下1/4 Z、3/4日本黑（B）和BB母牛的血液成分和循环激素水平，并分析了其性状的遗传差异。分别于7月、10月和精料喂养前后8 h采血，检测血生化、IGF-1、T3和胰岛素的临床筛查。1/4 Z的胆固醇水平高于BB，而甘油三酯和总蛋白水平低于BB。IGF-1和T3.1/4 Z在精料喂养后的胰岛素反应中有高于BB的趋势，而在相应的血糖反应中，没有品种间的差异.对1/4 Z（3/4 B）、BB和日本短角牛（NN）犊牛的日增重、牧草利用和放牧行为进行了研究。NN在DG中的消化率大于1/2 Z和BB，而在1/2 Z和BB中差异不显著。NN在7月份的消化率高于其他两个品种，但在单位代谢体重采食量、干物质消化率和蛋白质消化率上品种间差异不显著。放牧行为在7月和10月间存在差异，但品种间差异不显著。结果表明：（1）一组放牧未表现出品种特征;（2）用于估算牧草采食量的氧化铬胶囊每日释放量在放牧条件下并不恒定。

项目成果

Shinohara, H.: "Herbage utilization in grazing of Brahman sired crossbred F_1 and Japanese Black cow" KAWATAABI FARM REPORT(TOHOKU UNIV.). 8. 41-45 (1992)

Shinohara, H.：“婆罗门杂交 F_1 和日本黑牛放牧中的牧草利用”KAWATAABI 农场报告（东北大学）。

Yamagishi, T.: "Blood components and levels of various hormones in 1/2 and 1/4 Brahman crossbred and Japanese Black cow and heifers" ANIMAL.SCI.TECHNOL.65. (preparations) (1994)

Yamagishi, T.：“1/2 和 1/4 婆罗门杂交以及日本黑牛和小母牛的血液成分和各种激素水平”ANIMAL.SCI.TECHNOL.65。

篠原 久 他5名: "黒毛和種雄×ブラーマン交雑種F,および黒毛和種雌の採食量、採食行動および耐暑性について" 日草会誌. (発表予定). (1994)

Hisashi Shinohara 和其他 5 人：“关于日本黑色雄性 X 婆罗门杂交 F 和雌性日本黑色品种的进食量、觅食行为和耐热性”，《Nisso Society》杂志（待出版）。 1994）

Yamagishi, T.: "Growth, herbage utilization and behavior in grazing of 1/4 Brahman crossbred, Japanese Black and Japanese Shorthorn calves" ANIMAL.SCI.TECHNOL.65. (preparations) (1994)

Yamagishi, T.：“1/4 婆罗门杂交、日本黑牛和日本短角牛犊的生长、牧草利用和放牧行为”ANIMAL.SCI.TECHNOL.65。

篠原 久 他5名: "ブラーマン交雑種F1および黒毛和種雌牛の放牧時における牧草利用性の比較" 川渡農場報告. 8. 41-45 (1992)

Hisashi Shinohara 等 5 人：“婆罗门杂交 F1 和日本黑牛放牧期间牧场利用率的比较”Kawatari Farm Report（川渡农场报告）。