Study on the interleukin-2 producing capacity in the patients with periodontitis

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The purpose of this study was to assess the role of interleukin-2 (IL-2) in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. The levels of IL-2 produced from mononuclear cells were measured after stimulating with a CD3 monoclonal antibody (CD3 mAb) in 45 patients (12 with juvenile periodontitis [JP], 20 with rapidly progressive periodontitis and 13 with adult periodontitis) and 20 healthy subjects (HS). Six subjects including 3 JP patients demonstrated elevated IL-2 level. When phorbol myristate (PMA) was substituted for monocytes, there existed one JP patient with significantly high IL-2 producing capacity, and two JP patients and one HS with low capacity. To investigate the cause of their unusual IL-2 producing capacities, intracellular signal transduction system in T cells was examined. The levels of IL-2 produced upon stimulation with ionomycin and PMA were proportionate to those produced upon stimulation with CD3 mAb and PMA in the subjects examined except one JP patient ; suggesting that the elevated IL-2 producing capacity of this patient is related to the intracellular calcium ion level after stimulation of CD3 molecules. These results suggest that IL-2 producing capacity is responsible for the pathogenesis of a certain type of early-onset periodontitis, and that intracellular signal transduction system is concerned with the imbalance of IL-2 production in some individuals.