RESEARCH ON CHARACTERICTICS OF NOISE EMISSION FROM THE RAIL (FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH FOR NOISE REDUCTION TECHNOLOGY OF RAILROAD)

铁路噪声排放特性研究（铁路降噪技术基础研究）

• 批准号: 04805008
• 负责人: KOGURE Haruyoshi
• 金额: $ 1.28万
• 依托单位: KAGOSHIMA NATIONAL COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1992
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1992 至 1993
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-04805008/
• 关键词: rail; railroad; noise; vibration; 鉄道の騒音; レールの振動; レールの音響放射; 音響放射; 低騒音化; 音響解析; FFT

The inter-city railroad, which was declining at one time, has revived worldwide with the successful operation of THE SHINKANSEN (Tokaido-Line) started in 1964.On this process, new technology for speed-up played a major role. However, the speed-up of the trains inevitably caused the problem of noise and vibration.In the meantime, people have become so conscious of their right to be free from the troubles that the necessity to cope with them can't be ignored.Similarly, a noise problem lies in a special condition in which trains run through so long iron truss-constructed bridges like "Seto Grand Bridges".So, the approach to these problems is of social importance at present.The purpose of this research is to consider the characteristics of noise emission from the rail itself and help to solve the noise problem.It is also to reconfirm the defect of the "T-type rail", based on the proposal on which we are applying for a patent, which explains that the stress from wheels can be borne nearly on the center of the cross section of the rail.To put it concretely, on the T-type rail, the "head", mass-concentrated lump, lies on thin plate spring named "web". It looks very strongly built, but must vibrates very easily, just as model of vibration, due to the stress, which is measured in "ton", applied away from the center of the web of the rail cross section.Naturally, it must have caused a more serious noise problem than can be imagined.As the first steps toward the noise problem caused by the rail, the characteristics of noise emission from the rail was studied.The difference of noise emission from the rail between in a normal position away from the center line of the rail where the stress is applied and in the vicinity of the center line had been studied.We were able to get the expected result that the latter case brings desirable fruits.

随着1964年新干线（东海线）的成功运营，一度衰落的城际铁路在世界范围内复苏。在这一过程中，新的提速技术发挥了重要作用。然而，火车的提速不可避免地带来了噪音和振动问题。与此同时，人们已经意识到他们有权摆脱麻烦，因此科普这些麻烦的必要性不容忽视。同样，噪音问题存在于火车通过像“濑户大桥”这样的长铁桁架结构桥梁的特殊情况下。因此，这些问题的解决在当前具有重要的社会意义，本研究的目的是考虑钢轨本身的噪声发射特性，帮助解决噪声问题，并在我们正在申请专利的方案的基础上，重新确认“T型钢轨”的缺陷，这说明车轮的应力几乎集中在钢轨横截面的中心，具体地说，在T型钢轨上，“头部”即质量集中块位于薄板弹簧“腹板”上。它看起来非常坚固，但必须非常容易振动，就像振动模型一样，由于应力，以“吨”测量，施加在远离轨道横截面腹板中心的位置。自然，它必须引起比想象更严重的噪音问题。作为对轨道引起的噪音问题的第一步，研究了钢轨的噪声辐射特性，分析了钢轨在远离钢轨中心线的正常位置和钢轨中心线附近的噪声辐射差异，得到了钢轨的噪声辐射特性曲线，并对钢轨的噪声辐射特性进行了分析。预期的结果是，后一种情况带来了理想的成果。