Research into Quality Control Systems of Community Care

1 .将以提供者为导向的服务转变为以需求为导向的服务，使护理管理者尊重服务使用者的自主权在以需求为导向的服务方面建立了全面的质量保证体系。它们是(1)护理管理制度；(2)需求评估标准和服务标准；(3)服务使用者权利；(4)护理成本社会化；(5)内部质量保证和外部质量保证；(6)投诉程序病例管理系统基于提供者/评估者的分离，由需求评估、护理计划、护理监测和需求重新评估的周期组成服务使用者的权利至少包括知情权、参与需求评估和护理的权利、知情选择权和隐私权以需求为导向的新型社会保险制度已经出台，目的是将护理费用社会化。

1 The provider-oriented services should be changed into needs-led services in order to make care managers respect service-user's self-determination.2 Comprehensive quality assurance systems in needs-led services have been developed. They are (1)care management system, (2)criteria of needs assessment and service standards, (3)service-user's rights, (4)socialization of care cost, (5)inside quality assurance and outside quality assurance, and (6)complaints procedure.3 Case management systems are based on the provider/assessor split, and consist of the cycle of needs assessment, care planning, care monitoring, and needs reassessment.4 Service-user's rights contain, at least, right to informations, right to participation in needs-assessment and care, right to informed choice, and privacy.5 New social insurance system for needs-led services has been introduced in order to socialize care cost.