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Effects of yeast and plant protoplast cells with

酵母和植物原生质体细胞的影响

基本信息

批准号：
05806043
负责人：
HISAMATSU Makoto
金额：
$ 1.09万
依托单位：
Mie University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1993
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1993 至 1994
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Yeast cells are covered with hard and water-insoluble type polysaccharides. So it was estimated that a coating yeast protoplast cells with a similar polysaccharide effected on the stability of the protoplast cells. In this work, it was found that water-soluble beta-1,3-glucan (schizophyllan) promoted the regeneration of protoplast cells of S.cerevisiae (Sake yeast) about one thousand times.beta-1.3-Glucans are characteristic of forming triple helix structures. In the case of the effect on the regeneration of protoplast cells of S.cerevisiae, it was also recognized an importance of the triple helix structure to appear the effect. This was suggested that polysaccharides having other glycosyl linkages were not effective. It has been known that beta-1,3-glucans have an ability of enhancing an immune activity and that the appearance of the biological activity correlated strongly with the triple helix structure. So it was thought that both biological activities have similar mechanisms for appearing of the activities. For studing in detail the mechanism, it should be investigated a recepter sites of beta-1,3-glucans.It was found that the polysaccharide having similar structure with cell wall polysaccharide of S.cerevisiae was effective on the regeneration of the yeast protoplast cells, and it was investigated lots of polysaccharides related cell-wall-polysaccharide of plants. On the case of plotoplast cells of tabacco, it was found that succinoglycan and xanthan gum related to water-solublebeta-1,4-glucans showed the effects on stabilities of protoplast of tabacco.

酵母细胞被坚硬且不溶于水的多糖覆盖。因此估计用类似的多糖包被酵母原生质体细胞会影响原生质体细胞的稳定性。在这项工作中，发现水溶性β-1,3-葡聚糖（裂褶多糖）可促进酿酒酵母（清酒酵母）原生质体细胞的再生约一千倍。β-1.3-葡聚糖具有形成三螺旋结构的特征。在对酿酒酵母原生质体细胞再生的影响的情况下，也认识到三螺旋结构对于出现该效果的重要性。这表明具有其他糖基键的多糖无效。已知β-1，3-葡聚糖具有增强免疫活性的能力，并且生物活性的出现与三螺旋结构密切相关。因此认为这两种生物活性具有相似的活性出现机制。为了详细研究其机制，应研究β-1,3-葡聚糖的受体位点。发现与酿酒酵母细胞壁多糖结构相似的多糖对酵母原生质体细胞的再生有效，并研究了许多与植物细胞壁多糖相关的多糖。以烟草原生质体细胞为例，发现与水溶性β-1,4-葡聚糖相关的琥珀聚糖和黄原胶对烟草原生质体的稳定性有影响。