Plank trusses as material-saving timber structures in high modernism

木材工程是在高度现代主义时期发展起来的一门专门的工程学科。其先决条件是对材料的力学性能和连接的基本了解，一方面是基于科学研究，另一方面是基于创新想法的木质材料和高性能连接的开发。不知何故，在相对研究较好的Gulam技术的阴影下，矗立着一种通过使用钉子和螺栓将单板连接到板式桁架梁上的技术。这些结构构件的例子主要是工字梁和桁架梁，它们在19世纪末从钢结构中广为人知。到目前为止，还没有对这类建筑的施工历史进行系统的研究和记录。此外，可以发现，目前最先进的计算剪切载荷紧固件的工程方法并不总是正确地描述载荷-位移行为。如果对不同类型的板式桁架梁进行效率和结构质量检查，这就导致了对工程方面知识的缺乏。拟议的研究项目解决了这两个问题。一个跨学科团队将致力于制定方法和标准，对其中一种进行登记和分类，并对另一种进行识别、评估和评估。在这方面，定义了12个工作包，并将其分为两组。在第一步中，将首先制定结构系统化的A类，然后将其应用于确定大约四个参考项目。这些分类是基于对节材施工、历史研究报告、施工实践和技术规范的综合研究。在第二步中，将制定B类建筑在文化遗产方面的价值评级，并将其应用于参照物。所有相关成果应成为有关历史建筑鉴定和评价的更一般指导方针的一部分，可归类于高度现代化时期。研究项目应由两名科学家合作进行，一名受过文化遗产教育，另一名受过结构工程方面的教育。所有工作包在项目内紧密联系在一起。除此之外，它的目标是在社民党内部进行更广泛的合作。特别令人感兴趣的专题是“工程师竞赛”、“数码模型”、“保护知识、技术和过程”，以及“基于航空摄影的探测”。来自四个不同州的历史遗迹州政府办公室表示，他们对“板式桁架梁”这一话题感兴趣，并确认了他们的支持。

Timber Engineering has been developed during the High modernism period as a specified discipline in engineering. The pre-requirements therefor were a fundamental understanding of the mechanical behaviour of the material and of the connections based on scientific re-search on one side and the development of wood-based materials and high-performance connections based on innovative ideas on the other side. Somehow in the shadow of the relatively well studied Glulam technology stands the technology of connecting single planks by use of nails and bolts into plank truss girders. These structural elements found their ex-ample mainly in the I-beams and trussed girders which had been well known in the end of the 19th century from steel structures. Until now construction history has not been studied and documented systematically for this type of construction. Furthermore it could be detected that the state-of-the-art in terms of engineering methods fot the calculation of shear loaded fasteners does not always describe the load-displacement behaviour correctly. This leads to a lack o knowledge on the engineering side, if different types of plank truss girders should be checked for efficiency and structural quality. Both points are addressed by the proposed research project. An interdisciplinary team will work on methods and criteria to register and classify on one and to recognise, evaluate and asses on the other. In this context 12 work-packages had been defined and arranged into two groups. In a first step A categories for systematization of structures will first be developed and than applied to identify about four reference projects. The categories are based on a comprehensive study regarding material-saving construction, historical research reports, construction practice and technical codes. In a second step B categories for rating the values of structures in terms of cultural heritage will be developed and applied to the reference objects. All relevant results should become part of a more general guideline about assessment and evaluation of historical structures which can be assigned to the period of High modernism.The research project should be carried out in cooperation by two scientists one educated in cultural heritage the other in structural engineering. All working packages are closely linked together within the project. Beyond that it is aimed for a wider cooperation within the SPP. Topics which are of special interest are "Competition of Engineers", "Digital Modelling", "Pro-tection of knowledge, technology an process" as well as "Detection based on aerial photography". State offices for historical monuments from four different states stated interest in the topic "plank truss girders" and confirmed their support.