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A Theoretical Research of Illocutionary Force within a Framework of a General Theory of Speech Acts

言语行为通论框架下的言外力理论研究

基本信息

批准号：
06610001
负责人：
YAMADA Tomoyuki
金额：
$ 1.02万
依托单位：
HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1994
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1994 至 1995
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-06610001/
关键词：
Speech Acts Illocutionary Acts Illocutionary Force Content Force Meaning Semantics Pragmatics

项目摘要

In order to develop a general theory of speech acts'we need a way to characterize force and content of illocutionary acts in general. We have tobe able to characterize not only statements, reports, claims, etc.but also orders, requests, promises, etc. I have developped a theory of content by generalizing the so-called Austinian account of truth. An illocutionary Act is said to be satisfied when the situation to which it is connected by the demonstarative conventions is of the type which is associated with the sentence used to perform it by the descriptive conventions. Different illocutionary acts are satisfied in different ways. When satisfied, statements are true, orders are obeyed, and promises are kept. My theory of content respects this heterogeneity by treating content as hetergeneous, i.e.not force-neutral.In the present project, I have tried to develop a general theory of illocutionary force within a framework ofa general theory of action which treat action as something that changes certain features of circumstance. This framework can provide a comparative treatment of different conventional effectsof various illocutionary acts. I alsohave tried to integrate both of theseresults into a general theory of illocutionary acts by formulating hypotheses and results in the language of situation theory.

为了发展言语行为的一般理论，我们需要一种方法来描述一般的言外行为的力量和内容。我们不仅要能够描述陈述、报告、声明等，还要能够描述命令、请求、承诺等。我通过概括所谓奥斯丁式的真理，发展了一套内容理论。当一个言外行为与陈述性惯例相联系的情境与描述性惯例用来执行该行为的句子相联系时，我们就说它是满足的。不同的言外行为以不同的方式得到满足。当满足时，陈述是真实的，命令是服从的，承诺是遵守的。我的内容理论尊重这种异质性，将内容视为异质性，即不是力中性的。在目前的项目中，我试图在一般行动理论的框架内发展一种关于言外之力的一般理论，这种理论将行动视为改变环境某些特征的东西。这一框架可以比较处理各种言外行为的不同惯例效应。我还试图通过在情境理论的语言中形成假设和结果，将这两个结果整合到一个关于言外行为的一般理论中。