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A Study of Acoustical Design of Under-Balcony Space in Auditoria

礼堂阳台下空间声学设计研究

基本信息

批准号：
06650657
负责人：
FUJIMOTO Kazutoshi
金额：
$ 1.28万
依托单位：
KYUSHU UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1994
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1994 至 1995
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The purpose of this study is to make clear the relation between the shape of balcony and acoustical properties under the overhang, and ultimately to derive an acoustic design criteria for balcony configuration is auditoria. On the assumption that a physical change of the sound field caused by building a balcony would be primarily a reduction of the energy of early reflections from upside, the directional characteristics of early reflections under the balcony is measured. The results show that the ratio of vertical component to total early reflection energy is very small under the overhang. Then psycho-acoustical experiments by using the measured data are perfoemed. The results show that auditory envelopment becomes stronger as the vertical component of reflected energy increases while lateral energy fraction is constant. Next. impulse responses are calculated in models of auditorium by means of computer simulation based on geometrical acoustics when the depth and the height of balcony-opening are varied. The evident effect of overhang can not be found in basic acoustical indices (SPL,C_<80>, TS and LE). This means that another index is necessary for evaluating the lack of auditory envelopment which is often perceived under the balcony. The directional characteristics of early reflections are examined. As a result, the relation between the configuration index of d/h and the ratio of vertical component to total early reflection energy ERv is obtained, where d and h are geometrically defined by the positions of sound source, receiving point and balcony edge. Applying the difference Iimen of ERv to this relation, it is found thet the maximum limit of d/h, in which the degree of auditory envelopment under the overhang is equivalent to that in main orchestra, is between 0.7 and 1.0. It can be thought that this is a design criteria of balcony in auditoria.

本研究的目的在于明确阳台形态与悬挑下声学特性的关系，并最终推导出阳台形态的声学设计准则为悬挑。假设由于建造阳台而引起的声场的物理变化主要是来自上方的早期反射的能量的减少，测量了阳台下的早期反射的方向特性。结果表明，在有突出物的情况下，垂直分量占早期反射总能量的比例很小。然后利用实测数据进行了心理声学实验。结果表明，在横向能量分数不变的情况下，听觉反射随反射能量垂直分量的增加而增强。下一个摘要利用几何声学的计算机模拟方法，计算了不同阳台开口深度和高度时，观众厅模型的脉冲响应。在基本声学指标（SPL、C_（1）、TS和LE）中未发现明显的悬垂效应<80>。这意味着另一个指标是必要的，以评估缺乏的听觉提示，这是经常被认为在阳台下。早期反射的方向特性进行了研究。得到了d/h的结构指数与垂直分量与早期总反射能量ERv之比的关系式，其中d和h由声源、接收点和阳台边缘的几何位置确定。将ERv的差值Iimen应用于这一关系，发现悬垂下听觉抑制程度与主乐队相当的d/h的最大极限在0.7 ~ 1.0之间。可以认为，这是一个设计准则的阳台在维多利亚州。