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PRIMARY AND SECONDARY METABOLISMS OF WHITE-POCKET FUNGUS

白袋菌的初级和次级代谢

基本信息

批准号：
06660217
负责人：
WATIISHI Hiroyuki
金额：
$ 0.32万
依托单位：
KYUSHU UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1994
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1994 至 1995
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Catalysis which could lead to the degradation of environmentally persistent pollutants in an effective and safe manner were researched. Recently, white-rot basidiomycetes have been studied by many research groups since only this type of fungi can cause the complete mineralization of lignin, an aromatic polymer. However, powerful lignin degraders secretes phenol oxidizing enzymes such as laccase and manganese peroxidase, which react with phenolic substrates forming not only degradation products but also polymerized products. In this study, target reaction was degradation of chlorinated phenols without any polymerization reactions forming the chlorinated aromatic polymers. To achieve this, white-rot fungi which show weak actvity against lignin degradation and brown-rot fungi which has been known not to degrade lignin were utilized. Some interesting and unique results are listed below :(1) White-rot fungus, Fomitella fraxinea did not seceretes any phenol oxidases during decolorization of dye and lignin degradation under any conditions examined so far.(2) Dye-decolorization activity was found in the culture filtrate of F.fraxinea.(3) Brown-rot fungi were capable of mineralizing either phenolic or nonphenolic monomers with the oxidation and reduction of alkyl side chain and the hydroxylation of aromatic rings.(4) Brown-rot fungi did not cause polymerization of phenolic substrates.

研究了能够安全有效地降解环境持久性污染物的催化剂。近年来，许多研究小组对白腐菌进行了研究，因为只有这类真菌才能导致木质素（一种芳香聚合物）的完全矿化。然而，强大的木质素降解剂分泌酚氧化酶，如漆酶和锰过氧化物酶，其与酚底物反应，不仅形成降解产物，而且形成聚合产物。在这项研究中，目标反应是降解氯代苯酚没有任何聚合反应形成的氯代芳香族聚合物。为了实现这一点，利用了对木质素降解表现出弱活性的白腐真菌和已知不降解木质素的褐腐真菌。（1）白腐真菌Fomitella fraxanthum在染料脱色和木质素降解过程中均不分泌酚氧化酶。(2)在F.fraxinea的培养滤液中发现了染料脱色活性。(3)褐腐菌能够通过烷基侧链的氧化还原和芳香环的羟基化作用，矿化酚类或非酚类单体。(4)褐腐真菌没有引起聚合的酚类底物。