Investigations of the realities of greenhouse water use for irrigation project planning

本研究的目的是调查温室用水的实际情况及其对灌溉规划的影响。为了实现这一点，对温室和周围旱地农田的实际用水量进行了检查。对温室内外的微气象条件和土壤水分进行了测定，并根据微气象资料估算了部分植物的需水量。试验内容如下：1)测定了冈山县索贾市地区(鸡蛋厂)和鸟取县大衣镇地区(西瓜)的温室内外微气象条件。并对温室内土壤水分和灌水量进行了测量，通过与气象测量结果的对比，证实了温室内温度高、太阳辐射低的事实。使用气象数据…温室的更多部分是用彭曼方程估算茄子和西瓜的蒸散量。所得结果与由温室水量平衡估算的蒸散量相比较，有较好的一致性。结果表明，Penman方程可用于温室用水量的估算，具有较高的精度。2)本研究收集了东北地区(草坪田)、鸟取县和大衣镇(西兰花田)的微气象资料。3)对东北灌溉项目区(鸟取县东北和大衣镇)的实际用水情况进行了调查。这包括对该地区农场池塘的每小时排水量与农场水平的用水量进行比较。此外，我们亦拟备了一份问卷，以调查农场层面与作物种类有关的用水量。调查显示，农场池塘的排水量高峰期为早上及晚上。然而，这并没有干扰农场池塘的运营和维护。此外，农场池塘的排水量随着降雨量的增加而波动，在长时间、晴朗、干燥的日子里，用水更多。浇水的时间、数量和方法也因作物的种类以及作物是在温室还是在露地种植而有所不同。较少

The objective of this study was to investigate the actual situation of greenhouse water use and its implications for irrigation planning. To achieve this actual water use in both the greenhouse and the immediate surrounding uplands fields were examined. The micrometeorological conditions and the soil moisture content within and outside the greenhouse were measured, and from the micrometeorological data the estimation of the water requirements of some plants were estimated.The experiments conducted are as follows :1) The micrometeorological conditions within and outside the greenhouse at Soja City area (i.e.Egg Plant), Okayama Prefecture, and Daiei Town area (i.e.water melon), Tottori Prefecture, were measured. Also, the soil moisture content and irrigation amount within the greenhouses was measured.In comparing the results the meteorological measurements, the fact that the temperature was high with solar radiation being low within the greenhouse was confirmed. Using meteorological data … More of the greenhouse the Penman equation was used to estimate evapotranspiration of the egg plant and water melon. The results obtained compared fairly well with evapotranspiration estimated from the water balance of the greenhouse. It was concluded that the Penman equation can be used to estimate water use in a greenhouse with a fair degree of accuracy.2) In this study micrometeorological data was collected at Tohaku town (i.e.lawn field), Tottori Prefecture, and Daiei Town (i.e.Broccoli field). Also, soil moisture content and rainfall amount were measured.3) The actual water use situation in the Tohaku Irrigation Project district (i.e.Tohaku town and Daiei town, Tottori Prefecture) was investigated. This involved a comparison between the hourly discharge from farm ponds in the area and the water use at the farm level. Also, a questionnaire was prepared to investigate water use at the farm level in relation to the kind of crop.The investigations revealed that the peak discharge from the farm ponds was in the morning and evening. This, however, did not interfere with the operation and maintenance of the farm ponds. Also, the amount of discharge from the farm pond fluctuated with rainfall amount in which more water was used during long, clear, dry days. The time, amount, and method of water application also differed with respect to the kind of crop, and with respect to whether crops were grown in greenhouses or in the open field. Less