Development of method of nutritional survey for health education

为评价食物量频次法的有效性，采用实物大小的食物模型，对64名40 ~ 69岁的社区生活对象进行了该方法和24小时召回法的营养调查。食量和频次法所得的总能量为2258kcal，蛋白质为85.1g，脂肪为53.6g，碳水化合物为56.6g。该方法的能量摄入百分比为：蛋白质15.1%，脂肪21.4%，碳水化合物56.6%。食物量频次法测定的总能量、蛋白质、脂肪和碳水化合物的摄取量比24小时回忆法平均高1.25倍，且各食物组大部分项目的摄取量均高于24小时回忆法。这两种方法的脂肪百分比能量摄入结果相同。总能量摄取量、三种主要营养素摄取量和个体脂肪能量摄取量百分比之间存在显著相关性。在食物组的大多数项目中都有明显的相关性。我们还发现两种方法在总能量、三种主要常量营养素和能量摄入百分比上的结果在摄取量的大小上有显著的相关性。该方法可以用于能量和三种主要营养素的摄入检测，因为它与全国营养调查的结果略大，但几乎相同。由于这种方法不需要特殊的技能，并且可以由采访者在给出方法的指导下进行，因此可以应用于了解一个社区的食物摄入状况。本研究在滋贺县开展降胆固醇健康教育项目，并采用食物量与频率法进行干预研究。受试者为前一年年度体检中胆固醇水平在240mg/dl以上的志愿者。结果显示，干预组胆固醇水平较对照组降低7mg/dl。少

For the pur pose of evaluating the validity of food amount and frequency method using life-size food models, nutritional survey by this method and 24-hour recall method were carried out on 64 community-living subjects (male and female, 40-69 of age). Amounts of intake resulted from food amount and frequency method were 2258kcal of total energy, 85.1g of protein, 53.6g of fat and 56.6g of carbohydrates. As for percent energy intake from this method, the results were 15.1% of protein, 21.4% of fat, and 56.6% of carbohydrates. Food amount and frequency method showed larger amount of total energy, protein, fat and carbohydrate intake than 24-hour recall method by 1.25 times on average, and larger amount of intake in most of the items in food groups. These two methods showed the same results of fat percent energy intake. Significant correlations were obtained as to intakes of total energy, three major nutrients, and individual percent energy intake of fat. Significant correlations were obta … More ined in most items of the food groups. We also found significant correlation between the results of these two methods in total energy, three major macro-nutrients and percent energy intake when categorized into threegroups in the or der of the amount of intake. This method can be available for detecting the intake of energy and three major nutrients, because it obtained slightly larger but nearly the same results with the national nutrition survey. Since this method requires no special skills and can be carried out by interviewers given directions on the method, it can be applied to understand the status of food intake of a community.We carried out a health education program for decreasing cholesterol level and made an intervention study in Shiga Prefecture utilizing the food amount and frequency method. Subjects were volunteers with the cholesterol level of above 240mg/dl in the annual checkup of the previous year. Results showed 7mg/dl lower cholesterol level in the intervention group compared with the control group. Less