Effect of serum from patients with restenosis after PTCA on migration-stimulating activity of cultured smooth muscle cells.

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Background Migration of medial smooth muscle cells into the intima of the artery, with subsequent intimal cell proliferation, is one of main features of the development of restenosis after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA). Although several growth and/or migration-stimulating factors have been studied as possible candidates for a role in the development of restenosis after PTCA,the relative importance of each of these factors is unknown. The aim of this study was to measure migration-stimulating and mitogenic activities of human serum on standard cultured smooth muscle cells and to see if there was any relationship between thses activities and the incidence of restenosis after PTCA.Methods and Results The migration-stimulating activity of serum from patients who underwent PTCA on smooth muscle cells was assayd by the multi-well chemotaxis chamber method as described by Tsukamoto. The mitogenic activity was assayaed by colorimetric method by neutral red as described by Borenfreund. The migration-stimulating activity, but not the mitogenic activity, was significantly increased in the restenotic group along with elevation of coronary score, serum LP (a), triglyceride and phosphate ion concentration. A higher incidence of restenosis after PTCA was detected in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) as compared to those without DM.Conclusion Human serum, like fetal calf serum, contains a factor (s) that stimulates migration of cultured aortic smooth muscle cells through a membran filter. This migration-stimulating activity was greatly enhanced in the serum of patients who developed restenosis after PTCA.