What does having children means to the Japanese ; A case study of the Shikoku fishing town.

生儿育女不仅是一个社会学课题，也是一个生物学课题。本研究以四国渔民区为研究对象，通过田野调查和半正式访谈的方法，分析了20世纪20年代S至90年代S在日本现代化进程中的历史变迁，作为日本农村社会生育社会学理论建构的第一阶段。1.这个社会的就业和经济结构发生了巨大的变化，从1955年到1975年，他们生活的各个方面(工作、技术、家庭等)都经历了一些惊人的变化。2.二战后，出生率持续下降，这是因为人们已经知道，过去他们的社会没有为他们提供合适的环境来生育和抚养许多孩子。3.在1955年，99%以上的生育是在家里进行的，但在接下来的十年里，邮政和诊所显然成为了出生的地方。4.从1920年S到1945年出生的人中，许多女性都非常想要男孩。在今天，有许多父母在他们的第一个孩子(有时是唯一的孩子)中喜欢女孩而不是男孩。5.父母(特别是渔民)非常努力地致力于子女的教育。本报告还不完整，它必须包括关于考虑复杂结构等问题的其他论点。

Having children is not only a sociological but also a biological subject. The main purpose of this study was to examine that it means to have children in Japanese rural society.This research as a first phase to construct as sociological theory of having children analyzes its historical change in Japanese modernization process, from 1920's to 1990's, depending upon the methods of fieldwork and semiformal interviews at fisherman's area in Shikoku.The main findings are as follows;1.The employment and economic structure of this society has changed dramatically, and various aspects of their lives (work, technology, family, etc) have gone through some astonishing changes from 1955 to 1975.2.After the second world war, the continuing decline in the birth rate, this is because people already know that the past their society does not provide them with a suitable environment in which to bear and raise many children.3.In 1955, more than 99% of births had taken place at home, but in the subsequent decade postal and clinics clearly took over as the place of birth.4.People who was born from 1920's to 1945 many women who badly wanted sons. In present-day, there are many parents who prefer a girl to a boy for their first (and sometimes the only) child they have. Preference for girls is more evident among women than among man.5.Parents (especially fisherman's) are dedicated to the education of their children through very hard work.This report is not yet complete, it must include other arguments on such matters as the consideration of complicated structure.