Activities of cat striatal and cortical neurons associated with orienting movements.

1.为了了解由基底神经节定向运动的控制的神经机制，尾状核神经元的活动模式与视觉引导的眼动任务进行了分析，在警觉猫。大多数采样的神经元，这应该是主要的interneurons，显示活动相关的任务的某些方面。神经元表现出与视觉刺激呈现相关的活动被分为两组：神经元表现出与刺激的物理方面相关的活动和那些表现出与刺激的行为意义相关的活动。前一组神经元对视觉刺激的位置有选择性，后一组神经元对视觉刺激的位置没有明显的选择性。这是可能的，一些尾状核神经元参与的认知过程中涉及的定向运动的猫。研究了注意力对尾状核诱导眼球运动发生率和潜伏期的影响 关于我们 过时了的发生率是较少的，潜伏期较长，在注意固定的眼睛的视觉刺激比在偶然维护的眼睛位置相同的点。这表明与注意相关的皮层活动对负责定向运动的神经机制产生了重要影响。用HRP逆行追踪法研究了投射到尾状核的皮质神经元的分布模式，结果表明，尾状核头部的尾侧部是电刺激诱导眼球运动的有效部位，它倾向于接受来自边缘皮质和尾侧皮质的丰富传入，而吻侧部则是无效部位，倾向于接受与运动功能相关的吻侧皮质区的传入.这表明尾状核接受来自皮层广泛区域的传入，整合各种信息，包括与认知功能相关的信息，并形成定向运动的命令。少

1. In order to understand the neuronal mechanism of the control of orienting movement by the basal ganglia, pattern of activities of caudate neurons associated with a visually-guided eye movement task was analyzed in the alert cat. The majority of sampled neurons, which were supposed to be mostly interneurons, showed activities related to some aspects of the task. Neurons which showed activities related to presentation of visual stimuli were classified into two groups : neurons showing activities related to physical aspects of stimuli and those showing activities related to behavioral meanings of stimuli. Neurons of the former group tended to have selectivity of the position of visual stimuli, while neurons of the latter group did not have clear position selectivity. It is likely that some caudate neurons participate in cognitive processes involved in the orienting movement of the cat.2. Effects of attention on the incidence and latency of the caudate-induced eye movement were investig … More ated. The incidence was less and the latency was longer during attentive fixation of the eye to a visual stimulus than during incidental maintenance of the eye position to the same point. This indicates that cortical activities related to attention exert significant influences over the neuronal machinery responsible for the orienting movement.3. Distribution pattern of cortical neurons projecting to the caudate nucleus was investigated by means of retrograde transport of HRP.Caudal parts of the head of the caudate nucleus, which are effective in inducing eye movements by electrical stimulation, tended to receive abundant afferents from the limbic cortex and caudal regions of the cortex which are supposed to be involved in spatial perception, while rostral parts, which are ineffective, tended to receive afferents from rostral cortical areas related to motor functions.4. It is suggested that the caudate nucleus receives afferents from broad areas of the cortex, integrates a variety of information including that related to cognitive function and forms commands for the orienting movement. Less