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Room temp. reduction of metal oxides by mechanical alloying

室温。

基本信息

批准号：
06805066
负责人：
TOKUMITSU Kazuto
金额：
$ 1.41万
依托单位：
University of Tokyo
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1994
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1994 至 1995
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

We examined the reduction of metal oxides at room temperature by mechanical alloying method. Through ball-milling the solid metal oxide powders with solid reductant, the non-equilibrium chemical reactions are induced by force. 4 systems were carried out ; (1) silver oxides (Ag_2O,Ag_2O_2), (2) cupper oxides (Cu_2O,CuO), (3)zinc oxide (ZnO) and (4) iron oxides (FeO,Fe_3O_4, Fe_2O_3). Carbon powders were used for reductant. (1) and (2) were successful, so there is good possibility of the industrialization. And It was predicted that the pretreatment of the metal oxides was important for the reactions.Reactor System : Spex 8000 mixer was used for the experiments. The reactor were produced by way of trial with zirconia (volume = 60cc).Exp.(1) (Silver) : Both of the primary and the secondary oxides were reduced to metallic silver for comparatively short period, 20 or 30 minutes. Those reactions were momentary.Exp.(2) (Copper) : Metallic copper powder were obtained after 100 or 200 hours in the both oxides. Those reactions were continuously inactive.Exp.(3) (Zinc) : The raw ZnO easily adsorps H_2O,therefore the pretreatment, roasting, is necessary. With excess carbon, the reaction advanced inactively.Exp.(4) (Iron) : The reduction from hematite (Fe_2O_3) to magnetite (Fe_3O_4) were achieved, however the following reactions were interrupted. It is suggested that the interruption caused from that the adhesion of the powders to the reactor relaxd the invested mechanical energy.

我们研究了在室温下用机械合金化方法还原金属氧化物。通过将固体金属氧化物粉末与固体还原剂进行球磨，在外力作用下发生非平衡化学反应。实验共分四个体系：（1）银氧化物（Ag_2O，Ag_2O_2），（2）铜氧化物（Cu_2O，CuO），（3）锌氧化物（ZnO），（4）铁氧化物（FeO，Fe_3O_4，Fe_2O_3）。采用碳粉作还原剂。(1)（2）实验成功，具有产业化的可能性。实验采用Spex 8000型搅拌器作为反应器系统。反应器通过试验用氧化锆（体积= 60cc）制造。(1)（银）：初级氧化物和次级氧化物都被还原成金属银持续相对短的时间，20或30分钟。这些反应是瞬间的。(2)（铜）：在两种氧化物中100或200小时后获得金属铜粉。这些反应是持续不活跃的。(3)（锌）：原料ZnO易吸附H_2O，需进行预处理，即焙烧。当碳过量时，反应不活跃地进行。(4)（铁）：实现了从赤铁矿（Fe_2O_3）到磁铁矿（Fe_3O_4）的还原，但随后的反应被中断。认为粉末与反应器的粘附所引起的中断使所投入的机械能松弛。