Evolution of steroid hormone signaling and size determination in Cnidaria and Xenacoelomorpha

刺胞动物和异形动物中类固醇激素信号传导和大小测定的进化

• 批准号: 448733429
• 负责人: Dr. Jan Taubenheim
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Experimentelle Medizin (IEM)
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: WBP Fellowship
• 资助国家: 德国
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/448733429?language=en
• 关键词: Evolution; steroid; hormone; signaling; size

Steroid hormones control important developmental switches as they induce sexual maturity and mediate termination of the growth phase for many bilaterian species. They set crucial trade-offs for growth, fecundity, developmental time, and resource utilization and are dependent on intrinsic genetic as well as extrinsic environmental signals. Hence, they are key components for developmental plasticity and adaptation. Steroid hormones are recognized by nuclear receptors (NR), a diverse receptor family with various functions in development and physiology. When steroid hormones and the corresponding NRs evolved is insufficiently understood, but information on this topic promises insights in the ancestral function of steroids and their contribution to diverse body plans and life styles. Phylogenetic and biochemical predictions date the evolution of steroid receptors to the cnidarian-bilaterian split, without functional evidences of steroid hormones/ NRs in development in representative species in early emerging Bilateria and Cnidaria.I will study the evolution and function of steroid-binding NRs in the Cnidaria Hydra vulgaris and the Bilateria Hofstenia miamia (Xenacoelomorpha, a sister group to all other Bilateria) to understand their ancestral function in body size regulation under changing environmental conditions. I will use a phylogenetic approach paired with insitu hybridization to identify developmentally and environmentally responsive NRs. Cellular alterations upon changing environments and after mutagenesis of NRs will be observed by cytometry, while steroid hormones will be identified in extracts of the two species by chromatography and mass spectrometry. The project will elucidate the prototypic molecular mechanism and the evolution of environmental dependent developmental decisions (phenotypic plasticity) of all Bilateria.

类固醇激素控制着重要的发育开关，因为它们诱导性成熟并中介许多双边物种生长阶段的终止。它们设定了生长、繁殖力、发育时间和资源利用的关键权衡，并依赖于内在的遗传和外在的环境信号。因此，它们是发育可塑性和适应能力的关键组成部分。类固醇激素被核受体识别，核受体是一个在发育和生理中具有不同功能的不同受体家族。类固醇激素和相应的类固醇激素何时进化还不够清楚，但关于这一主题的信息有助于深入了解类固醇的祖先功能及其对不同身体计划和生活方式的贡献。系统发育和生物化学预测表明，类固醇受体进化为毒蛾-双毛虫的分裂，没有类固醇激素/NRs在早期出现的水牛和中草鱼代表物种中发育的功能证据。我将研究普通水牛和水牛中类固醇结合NRS的进化和功能，以了解它们在不断变化的环境条件下在身体大小调节中的祖先功能。我将使用与原位杂交相结合的系统发育方法来鉴定对发育和环境有反应的NRS。改变环境和诱变NRS后的细胞变化将通过细胞术观察，而类固醇激素将通过层析和质谱仪在两种植物的提取物中鉴定。该项目将阐明典型的分子机制和进化的环境依赖的发育决定(表型可塑性)的所有比拉特里亚。