Evaluation on environmental factors affecting to the mosquito-borne infectious diseases in Southeast Asia

通过对东南亚3个国家不同自然和社会经济环境的4个地区的生态调查，对影响媒介蚊虫和蚊媒传染病的环境因子进行了数值评估。极微小疟原虫密度高，导致泰国北方疟疾流行持续。在龙目岛，印度尼西亚疟疾流行也是山区村庄比沿海村庄严重。首次确定暗林地区主要蚊媒为按蚊。巴拉巴克山。该物种是强烈的食草性，外食性，并在夜间早期咬人，表明仅使用蚊帐睡觉是不完美的，以避免叮咬疟疾传播的风险。一种新的拟除虫菊酯与高挥发性浸渍树脂网的驱避性进行了评价，作为一个额外的控制工具。两个网每个室外阶段（约。6m^2）可保护毒饵3个月不被人咬。在越南的另一个山区宾福省，主要的病媒是An。迪鲁斯。疟疾病人和按蚊的空间分布。在越南河内附近的一个农村进行的日本脑炎及其媒介蚊虫的流行病学调查显示，吉里库蚊是比以前认为的更重要的媒介。该研究还从蚊子和出现日本脑炎样症状的患者身上检测到一种名为Namdinh病毒的新病毒。

An ecological survey was conducted in 4 areas in 3 southeast Asian countries with different natural and socio-economical environments to numerically evaluate environmental factors affecting to vector mosquitoes and mosquito-borne infectious diseases.Conserved forest had favored infestation by An. minimus with high density, and resulted in maintaining the malaria epidemic in northern Thailand. In Lombok island, Indonesia malaria epidemic also was more serious in mountainous villages than in coastal ones. The main vector mosquito infested in dark forests was firstly confirmed as An. balabacensis. The species was strongly anthropophagous, exophagous, and an early night biter indicating that using a bed net only for sleeping was imperfect to avoid bites with risk of malaria transmission. The repellency of a new pyrethroid with high volatility impregnated resin net was evaluated as an additional control tool. Two nets per outdoor stage (ca. 6m^2) could protect human baits from biting for 3 months. In Binphuc Province, Vietnam, another mountainous area, the main vector was An. dirus. Spatial distributions of malaria patients and An. dirus were both aggregative but the overlapping of focuses of the two parameters was quite low.An epidemiological survey on Japanese encephalitis and its vector mosquitoes conducted in a rural village near Hanoi, Vietnam revealed that Culex gelidus was more important vectors than as considered before. The study also detected a new virus named Namdinh virus from mosquito and patients showing Japanese encephalitis like symptom.