Political and Ideological Impacts of Decolonization upon Former Colonies and Colonizers: Japanese Colonialism in Comparison with the Western Colonialism and the International Environment

该项目对东亚非殖民化的性质有了新的认识，将其与西方的经验进行了比较，并将其置于战后的国际环境中。一些新发现如下：第一，东亚的非殖民化是日本战败的直接结果。此外，冷战在非殖民化进程刚刚开始时蔓延到这一地区。这导致东亚非殖民化具有以下特点：(1)美国对冷战的战略考虑，极大地影响了日本与前殖民地建立新关系的方式，从而影响了征服殖民遗产的方式。(2)在战后的头几年，在日本殖民统治下经历困境的不是那些能够代表殖民者的力量，而是那些代表太平洋战争胜利者的占领军。这影响了该地区的非殖民化进程是一个相当“替代”的过程。(3)由于上述原因，征服日本遗留下来的消极方面，从而使前殖民者和被殖民者之间的历史和解一直相当不完善。第二，在冷战结束后的几年里，面对全球化进程中日益增长的经济相互依存，东亚各国都出现了不容忍的大规模民族主义。可以公平地猜测，上述不完善的非殖民化进程在一定程度上促成了这一不祥现象的产生。在这方面，本项目发现，一种可以称为灵魂非殖民化的心理过程成为非殖民化研究的重点之一。同样，在这方面，应该把圣雄甘地或弗朗茨·法农等反殖民主义思想家带去重新审查。

The project obtained new insights on the nature of the decolonization in East Asia, by way of examining it in comparison with the Western experience and putting it in the post-war international environment. Some of the new findings are as follows:Firstly, the decolonization in East Asia was the direct result of the defeat of Japan. Moreover the Cold War spread to this region when the decolonization process had just started. This led the East Asian decolonization to have the following characteristics:(1)The U. S. strategic consideration of the Cold War had greatly influenced the way that Japan and the former colonies had established new relations, hence force, the way that colonial legacy be conquered.(2)In the first years of the post war period it was not those forces who could represent colonized people who experienced the plight under the Japanese colonial rule but were those occupying forces representing victors of the Pacific War that had upper hand in the political process. This affected the decolonization in the region to be a rather "surrogated" process.(3)Because of above mentioned reasons, conquering the negative side of the legacy left by the Japanese and thereby historical reconciliations between the former colonizers and the colonized has been rather imperfect.Secondly, there has come out in the years after the Cold War ended intolerant mass nationalism in each East Asian country on the face of growing economic interdependence as the globalization proceeds. It is fair to guess imperfect decolonization process mentioned above partly contributed to the making of this ominous phenomenon. In this regard, this project has found out that a sort of psychological process that can be called "decolonization of soul" has become one of the foci of the study of decolonization. Again in this regard those anti-colonialist thinkers such as Mahatma Gandhi or Franz Fanon should be brought to forward for re-examination.