Development of Novel Hybrid Bone Substitute with Stem cells and Growth Factors

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We developed a fully interconnected porous hydroxyapatite (IP-CHA) by adopting the "form-gel" technique. The interconnected porous structure facilitates tissue engineering by allowing the introduction of bone cells, rhBMP-2, or vasculature into the pores. IP-CHA combined with rat marrow mesenchymal cells showed abundant bone formation inside the pore areas. IP-CHA combined with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) completely repaired the bony defect of rabbit radius. IP-CHA/BMP composite with insertion of epigastric vessels exhibited abundant new bone formation in the pores of the deep portion close to the inserted vessels. The 3-dimensional fully interconnected porous structure of IP-CHA encourages bone ingrowth in the material and eventually leads to good incorporation of the material into host bone. The synthetic scaffold can be prefabricated into specific sizes and shapes to match bone defects, and even into composite with solid form of HA in order to reinforce its initial mechanical strength.