Micro-ecological Structure of the Mediterranean Islands : On Methods and Perspectives for the "Sea-Area" Study

通过对西班牙伊维萨岛、马耳他岛、希腊纳克索斯岛和埃及绿洲村落社会经济活动现状的研究，对“海域”研究的方法和视角进行了重新思考，主要研究内容包括：（1）各岛屿的微生态结构;（2）经济活动的规模和形式，重点研究1978年以后的转型，本课题组对此作了参考性研究;（3）每个岛屿在其与邻近岛屿以及与主要陆地的网络中所起的社会经济作用;（4）每个社会在其所属的国民经济中的地位;（5）离岛移民的程度：我们从统计、访问和其他可获得的资料中收集和分析了有关数据。研究结果表明：（1）20世纪70年代以后，旅游业的发展可能加速了海岛经济的变迁;（2）移民也是在这种情况下发生的，即在短期的人口衰退之后，我们可以看到样本村庄的居住在20世纪80年代略有增长。我们除了查阅有关文件和统计数据外，还成功地采访了我们的线人，他们是岛上居民和岛上的移民。虽然研究的可能性因岛屿的情况而异，但我们可以认识到类似的调查。我们定期收集一桥大学的研究结果，其中一部分发表在2008年6月发行的“地中海世界19”中。

We reconsidered methods and perspectives for the "Sea-Area" Study, by researching the current situations of socio-economic activities in Ibiza(Spain), Malta(Malta), Naxos(Greece)and Oasis Villages(Egypt).Main aspects of our research were (1) Micro-ecological structure of each island ; (2)Scale and formation of their economic activities, focusing on their transformation after 1978, when our group have made a referent research ; (3)the socio-economic role which each island have played in their network with neighboring islands as well as with main lands ; (4) the position of each society in the National Economy in which it belongs ; (5) the extent of emigration from the islands.We collected and analyzed the relevant data from statistics, interviews and any other available information. The results of our research includes the following : (1) the change of Island economy may have been accelerated by the expansion of tourism after 1970s ; (2) Emigration and immigration have also occurred in this circumstances, that is, after the short-term demographic recession, we could see a slight growth of dwelling in sample villages during the 1980s.As for the methodology of research, we successfully interviewed our informants, who are islanders as well as emigrants from the islands, besides inspection of the relevant documents as well as statistical data. Although the possibilities of research vary according the situation of island, we could recognize a similar investigation.We collected the results of research periodically at Hitotsubashi University, a part of which was published in our "Mediterranean World 19" issued in June 2008.