Theoretical and numerical study on Jovian atmospheres:their dynamics, matetialtrensport, and energetics.

为了研究类木行星大气的动力结构、热结构和成分结构之间的相互作用，我们整理了相关知识的现状，开发了分层模型系统，并利用这些分层模型系统进行了数值实验。我们的主要调查结果总结如下：1。我们开发了一个垂直的一维平衡云凝结模型，使我们能够覆盖木星行星可能的大气成分变化。我们发现，与NH_3的凝结和NH_4SH的形成有关的云层对稳定性强度的贡献与h2o的贡献相比是不可忽略的。建立了包含NH_3和H_2O凝结和NH_4SH形成的二维云对流模型。我们进行了一系列的数值实验，发现h2o的凝结水平是一个明显的动力学边界，将其上下的对流运动分开。NH_3和NH_4SH云形成的稳定层不能抑制由H_2O凝结愈合驱动的云羽，导致在H_2O凝结水平以上的整个大气深度上混合。考虑到木星大气的应用，我们使用三维Bousinesq球壳对流模型对赤道加速度进行了一系列数值研究。研究发现，赤道逆行急流的发展离不开外层强大的稳定层。这一结果可能会提出一个关于旋转球形热对流理论的问题，该理论解释了木星和土星赤道西风喷流的原因。开发了一个通用的软件基础结构，在此基础上构建了这些数值模型。它包含“gt4f90io”，这是一个用于数值数据I/O的库，以及“Rdoc”，这是一个数值模型代码的自动文档生成器。我们还组织了一种标准的Fortran90编程风格，并构建了一个Fortran90函数库，用于基本的数学操作，并利用它开发了“Spmodel”，这是一组光谱模型。所有提到的软件都在我们的网站上向公众开放。少

For the purpose of investigating the interplay among dynamical, thermal, and compositional structures of the atmospheres of Jovian planets, we compiled the current status of corresponding knowledge, developed a hierarchical modeling system, and conducted numerical experiments with those hierardical modeling systems. The main findings of our investigations are summarized as follows:1. We developed a vertical one-dimensional equilibrium cloud condensation model, which enable us to cover possible atmospheric compositional varieties of the Jovian planets. We found that the contributions to the intensity of stability by the cloud layers associated with the condensation of NH_3 and formation of NH_4SH are not negligible compared with that of H_2O.2. We developed a two-dimensional cloud convection model incorporating the condensation of NH_3 and H_2O and formation of NH_4SH. We conducted a series of numerical experiments, and found that the H_2O condensation level acts as a distinct dynamical … More boundary that separates the convective motions above and below it. The stable layers due to NH_3 and NH_4SH clouds cannot suppress the cloudy plumes driven by H_2O condensation healing, resulting in the mixing over the full depth of the atmosphere above the H_2O condensation level.3. With the application to the Jovian atmosphere in mind, we performed a series of numerical studies on the equatorial acceleration using the three dimensional Bousinesq spherical shell convection model. We found that a strong stable layer in the outer layer helps the development of equatorial retrograde jet. This result may raise a question about the theory where rotating spherical thermal convection explains the cause of the equatorial westerly jets of Jupiter and Saturn.4. A common software infrastructure, over which those numerical models were constructed, was developed. It contains "gt4f90io" which is a library for I/O of numerical data, and "Rdoc" which is an automatic documentation generator for numerical model codes. We also organized a standard style of Fortran90 programming and constructed a library of Fortran90 functions for basic mathematical manipulations, with which we developed 'Spmodel" which is a set of spectral models. All of the softwares mentioned are open to public on our web site. Less