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Order and Disorder in Novel Condensed Phases Formed at Interfaces

界面处形成的新型凝聚相的有序和无序

基本信息

批准号：
16205001
负责人：
INABA Akira
金额：
$ 32.45万
依托单位：
Osaka University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
2004
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2004 至 2006
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The goal of this research project was to understand the "Order and Disorder, or Complexity" created in various novel "2-D Solids" formed at interfaces. It has been investigated from both the structural and thermodynamic aspects. Three types of condensed phases have been studied; (a) 2-D solids formed at gas-solid interfaces, (b) 2-D solids formed at solid-liquid interfaces, and (c) 2-D ice crystals formed during the initial crystallization process. We applied scanning probe microscope as well as calorimetry and X-ray and neutron diffraction techniques. The followings are the results obtained in this year.1.With scanning probe microscope, we tried to observe the structure of a couple of liquid-crystalline materials adsorbed on the surface of graphite (and mica) under a vacuum at the temperature ranging from 150 K to 400 K. While we met various problems in obtaining the real feature, this technique certainly became one of our powerful methods to study those systems.2.X-ray and neutron diffraction techniques have been continuously applied to those systems successfully. We- published a paper on this. As an extension of this research, we have started another project to see the structure of perfluoroalkane monolayers adsorbed on graphite.3.For the glycerol/water system, we published one paper and continue to study the thermodynamic feature at very low temperature down to 0.4 K. The crystallization of cubic ice and hexagonal ice from the mixture is going to be very interesting, which may be very important also from the practical point of view.

该研究项目的目标是了解在界面处形成的各种新颖的“二维固体”中产生的“有序和无序，或复杂性”。从结构和热力学两个方面对其进行了研究。研究了三种类型的凝聚相； (a) 在气固界面处形成的二维固体，(b) 在固液界面处形成的二维固体，以及 (c) 在初始结晶过程中形成的二维冰晶。我们应用了扫描探针显微镜以及量热法、X 射线和中子衍射技术。今年取得的成果如下：1.利用扫描探针显微镜，我们尝试在真空下、150K到400K的温度范围内观察吸附在石墨（和云母）表面的几种液晶材料的结构。虽然我们在获得真实特征时遇到了各种问题，但这项技术无疑成为我们研究这些系统的有力方法之一。2.X射线和中子衍射技术已连续成功地应用于这些系统。我们就此发表了一篇论文。作为这项研究的延伸，我们开始了另一个项目，观察石墨上吸附的全氟烷烃单分子层的结构。3.对于甘油/水体系，我们发表了一篇论文，并继续研究低至0.4 K的极低温度下的热力学特征。立方冰和六方冰从混合物中的结晶将是非常有趣的，从实用的角度来看，这也可能非常重要。