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Dynamics of Complex Systems probed through Tunneling Phenomena.

通过隧道现象探讨复杂系统的动力学。

基本信息

批准号：
10440206
负责人：
INABA Akira
金额：
$ 8.58万
依托单位：
Osaka University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B).
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1998 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-10440206/
关键词：
tunneling phenomenon complex system neutron scattering heat capacity measurement isotope induced phase transition adsorbed monolayer quasi crystal Helium dilution refrigerator ダイポールガラス

项目摘要

The aim of this research was to investigate various "complex" systems which could be studied through any possible tunneling phenomena, either rotational or positional. The systems that we originally thought were limited strictly to (1) the ones in which the molecular interactions are non-linear, (2) those being in non-equilibrium, and (3) those involving an order-disorder nature. The idea was that the heat capacity isvery sensitive to obtain the general scheme and, in principle, the incoherent neutron inelastic scattering can determine the detail of the energy scheme.A new calorimeter system has been constructed by installing it in a ^3He-^4He dilution refrigerator. A new measurement system with an a.c. resistance bridge was also introduced. They both together allowed us to measure the heat capacity down to 0.2 K with a reasonable accuracy. To investigate the dynamical aspects of the systems, neutron scattering experiments were performed at Institut Laue Langevin at Gronoble in France and at Ratherford Appleton Laboratory in Britain.The systems studied include (1) deuteration-induced phase transitions, (2) tunneling of protons/deuterons in hydrogen bonded crystals, (3) low-energy excitations in some pressure-densified silica glass, (4) low-energy excitations in some quasi-crystals, and so on. Other complex systems, which may not involve any tunneling phenomenon, were also investigated in the last year for this project. The adsorbed monolayers at gas-solid and solid-liquid interfaces have extensively been studied.In conclusion, our next move for further research would probably be to investigate the system from the molecular level in addition to the view point of recognizing the system as a condensed phase. Those two approaches must be complementary to achieve our final goal, i.e. understanding of the overall nature of those complex systems.

这项研究的目的是研究各种“复杂”的系统，这些系统可以通过任何可能的隧道现象来研究，无论是旋转的还是位置的。我们最初认为的系统严格限于(1)分子相互作用是非线性的系统，(2)处于非平衡状态的系统，以及(3)涉及有序-无序性质的系统。考虑到热容对总方案的获得非常敏感，原则上，非相干中子非弹性散射可以确定能量方案的细节。将其安装在^3He-^4He稀释制冷机中，构建了一个新的量热系统。一种新的交流测量系统。还介绍了电阻电桥。它们一起使我们能够以合理的精度测量低至0.2K的热容量。为了研究该体系的动力学性质，在法国格罗诺布尔的劳埃朗之万研究所和英国的拉瑟福德阿普尔顿实验室进行了中子散射实验，所研究的体系包括(1)重氢诱导的相变，(2)氢键晶体中质子/重离子的隧穿，(3)某些压密化石英玻璃中的低能激发，(4)某些准晶体中的低能激发等。去年，该项目还研究了其他可能不涉及任何隧道现象的复杂系统。气-固、固-液界面吸附的单分子膜已经得到了广泛的研究，我们下一步的研究方向可能是从分子水平上研究该体系，而不仅仅是从凝聚相的角度来认识该体系。这两种方法必须相辅相成，才能实现我们的最终目标，即了解这些复杂系统的总体性质。