Application of the optical-sensor for human circulation and nervous system related to environmental and exercise adaptabilities

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Dehydration is known to affect thermoregulatory response and exercise performance. The maintenance of blood volume (BV) is an important factor for providing circulatory stability, thermoregulatory and maintaining performance during exercise. The fact that the BV associates with thermoregulatory responses and contributes to inhibition of hyperthermia in exercise has been reported by previous studies ([Convertino (1983)] ; [Fortney et al. (1988)] ; [Mack et al. (1994)]). It has been well known that Hypovolemia induced by thermal dehydration and progressive pooling of blood in cutaneous blood vessels in response to heat stress reduces the central circulating blood volume. Under these conditions cutaneous vasoconstriction leads to excessive heat storage in hot environment. Increases in sweat rate and skin blood flow during exercise in hot environment enhance heat dissipation and prevent hyperthermia. Hyperthermia itself has been suggested to limit aerobic performance ([Nielsen et al. (1993)]). Heat, exercise, mental stress or postural change, etc. as environmental factors in which the circulation dynamics is greatly changed were known well. Then, the small size and portable data logger the 14 hours continuous, high-speed sampling by 2.56kHz measurement was possible with optical-sensors, to analyze human adaptability was developed in this research. In addition, human adaptability to heat and exercise stress were examined by continuous and simultaneous measuring the skin blood flow and the pulse wave that was the index of the cardiovascular system with this device. As a result, the sympathetic nerve function was able to be evaluated from the measurement of the signal of the pulse wave included in the signal of skin blood flow, and human adaptability was able to be analyzed.