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Understanding of meteorological characteristics in mountains and mountainous fogs and their impacts of subalpine forests

认识山地、山雾的气象特征及其对亚高山森林的影响

基本信息

批准号：
16208016
负责人：
OHTA Takeshi
金额：
$ 32.12万
依托单位：
Nagoya University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
2004
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2004 至 2007
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Meteorological conditions, chemical properties and stable isotope of atmospheric vapor were measures in Mt Norikura and Mt. Hachimantai to understand mountain fogs, e.g. radiation fog and amending fog, and its vapor source qualitatively The followings are new interpretations obtained from this project.Diurnal variation of meteorological variables, especially an elapse rate of air temperature, atomospheric vapor deficit and wind direction, were quite different in days when radiation fog and amending fog appeared from in non-foggy days. This result showed that appearance of mountain fogs required a strong local circulation It was shown from the stable isotope analyses that a part of ascending fogs consisted of water vapor which was stored in the bottom of a basin. Water vapor budget analyses showed that major sources of water vapor were the advection at a mouth of watershed and evapotranspiration from surface. And water vapor evaporated and/or transpired from the surface occupied about 5-70 % of total water vapor in the basin.Wetting duration of trees except for rainfall events reached to about 15 % of observation periods and condensation on trees occurred in early morning.Physiological properties were measured under a single or a coupled stresses from exposures of acid kg and atone, and drought Several changes of physiological properties are occurred and these phenomena will results from ozone exposure and drought stress rather than acid fogs.

为了了解山雾，例如乘鞍山和八幡平山，测量了气象条件、化学性质和大气水蒸气的稳定同位素。辐射雾和修正雾及其水汽来源的定性以下是本项目得到的新的解释。气象变量的日变化，尤其是气温、大气水汽亏缺度和风向的日变化，在辐射雾和修正雾出现的日子里与无雾天有很大不同。这一结果表明，山雾的出现需要较强的局地环流。稳定同位素分析表明，上升雾的一部分由水蒸气组成，储存在盆地底部。水汽收支分析表明，水汽的主要来源是流域口的平流和地表蒸散。从地表蒸发和/或蒸腾的水蒸气约占流域总水蒸气的5-70%。除了降雨事件外，树木的润湿持续时间达到观测周期的15%左右，并且树木在清晨发生凝结。在酸千克和无水暴露以及干旱的单一或联合胁迫下测量了生理特性，生理特性发生了一些变化。这些现象是臭氧暴露和干旱胁迫造成的，而不是酸雾造成的。