Study on the role of aerosols in polar atmosphere and aerosol-cloud interaction obtained by comparative airborne observations in the Arctic and Antarctic

极地大气中气溶胶的作用以及北极和南极地区机载对比观测获得的气溶胶-云相互作用研究

• 批准号: 16253001
• 负责人: YAMANOUCHI Takashi
• 金额: $ 25.63万
• 依托单位: National Institute of Polar Research
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2004 至 2007
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-16253001/
• 关键词: aerosol; cloud; aerosol-cloud interaction; Arctic haze; black carbon; internal mixture; transport process; Exchange of Scientists(Germany, Arctic, Antarctic); エアロゾル雲相互作用; 温室効果気体; マイクロパルスライダー; 国際研究者交流(ドイツ); スカイラジオメータ; 海洋生物起源物質; 新粒子生成

Through airborne observations of aerosols in the Arctic and Antarctic, it was found that a long range transport was crucial to the variations of polar aerosols, and the behavior of black carbon, which has a large impact on climate, might be a matter of discussion in the near future. The major findings were as follows:1. In May to June 2004, Arctic Study of Tropospheric Aerosol, Cloud and Radiation (ASTAR) 2004 was conducted using two airplanes under the cooperation with Alfred-Wegener Institute of Polar and Marine Research (AVM. Both the scattering coefficients and absorption coefficients obtained by airborne observations showed a lower value compared to those in the Arctic haze term, March to April, obtained in ASTAR 2000. Internal mixture of black carbon in the sulfur aerosol was predominant. Ground based observations showed a transition from spring to summer season with a wet deposition of aerosols by rain, suggesting aerosol-cloud interaction.2. Japan-German Cooperative Airborne Atmosphere Observation (ANTSY0-II) was carried out using AWI Polar 2, during December 2006 and January 2007. Total of 22 flights were made around Neumayer Station and 15 flights including horizontal flights over the ocean and vertical profile flights over the ice were made around Syowa Station based at S17 point. 3-D distributions of physical, chemical and optical properties of aerosol were obtained, together with an air sampling for greenhouse gases. Atmospheric transports were rather common from Antarctic peninsula at Neumayer area, on the other hand, they were from the Atlantic and South America at Syowa area, and these transports characterized the aerosol properties. Some evidence of black carbon aerosols transported through inland was found. Ground based observations at Syowa Station and ship borne observations on board RV Umitaka Maru showed also some evidence of aerosols of marine biological origin.

通过对南极和北极气溶胶的空中观测，发现极地气溶胶的变化与远距离输送密切相关，而对气候有重要影响的黑碳的行为可能是一个值得探讨的问题。主要研究结果如下：1. 2004年5月至6月，在阿尔弗雷德-韦格纳极地和海洋研究所（AVM）的合作下，使用两架飞机进行了2004年对流层气溶胶、云和辐射北极研究（ASTAR）。通过空中观测获得的散射系数和吸收系数都比ASTAR 2000年3月至4月获得的北极霾项的值低。硫气溶胶中黑碳的内部混合物占主导地位。地面观测结果表明，从春季到夏季的过渡期，气溶胶通过降雨湿沉降，这表明气溶胶-云相互作用. 2006年12月至2007年1月期间，利用AWI Polar 2进行了日本-德国合作空中大气观测（ANTSY 0-II）。在Neumayer站周围共进行了22次飞行，在S17点的Syowa站周围进行了15次飞行，包括海洋上空的水平飞行和冰面上空的垂直剖面飞行。获得了气溶胶的物理、化学和光学特性的三维分布，以及温室气体的空气采样。在Neumayer地区，来自南极半岛的大气输送较为常见，而在Syowa地区，来自大西洋和南美洲的大气输送则较为常见，这些输送特征了气溶胶的性质。在昭和站的地面观测和“海高丸”号考察船的船载观测中，也发现了一些海洋生物源气溶胶的证据。

项目成果

Seasonal variation of air transport in the Antarctic and atmospheric circulation in 1997.

1997年南极地区航空运输和大气环流的季节变化。

• 发表时间: 2004
• 期刊: Polar Meteorol.Glaciol. 18
• 作者: Suzuki;K.;et al.
• 通讯作者: et al.

Sky-radiometer measurement for monitoring column aerosol optical properties in Ny-Alesund : Recent results from the spring 2006-2007 measurements.

用于监测新奥勒松柱状气溶胶光学特性的天空辐射计测量：2006-2007 年春季测量的最新结果。

• 发表时间: 2007
• 作者: Shiobara;M.;M. Yamano;H. Kobayashi;K. Aoki;M. Yabuki
• 通讯作者: M. Yabuki

Trends in cloud amount and radiative fluxes at Syowa Station, Antarctica

• DOI: 10.1016/j.polar.2007.04.001
• 发表时间: 2007-08
• 期刊: Polar Science
• 影响因子: 1.8
• 作者: T. Yamanouchi;Yasuo Shudou

南極昭和基地出の系留気球を用いた下部対流圏エアロゾル観測に関する報告

使用南极洲昭和站系统保留气球观测低层对流层气溶胶的报告

• 发表时间: 2007
• 期刊: 南極資料 51
• 作者: 原圭一郎;長田和雄;山内恭
• 通讯作者: 山内恭

The radiation budget of the atmosphere over the Arctic compiled from the ISCCP-FD data sets (preliminary results).

根据 ISCCP-FD 数据集编制的北极大气辐射收支（初步结果）。

• 发表时间: 2006
• 期刊: Mem.Natl Inst.Polar Res., Spec.Issue 59(In press)
• 作者: Raschke;E.et al.
• 通讯作者: E.et al.