Evaluation of microbial collection and diversity in south east Asia and search for the correspondence to the microbial diversity

自1992年《生物多样性公约》生效以来，保护含微生物的生物资源，并通过可持续利用为医疗、食品生产和环境治理做出贡献，已变得十分重要。《科学技术基本法》和生物技术战略会议也表明了这一重要性。另一方面，东南亚的微生物资源正在减少。因此，资源的保护是一个重要的课题，资源的可持续利用对于我国这样一个资源利用大国也具有重要的战略意义。本研究从以下四个方面对东南亚微生物资源的多样性和利用的可能性进行了评价，以期为亚洲各国微生物资源的保护和可持续利用提供参考。1)我们调查了泰国、菲律宾、越南和台湾的微生物资源保存情况。2)在系统分类的基础上，对几种微生物的多样性进行了研究，重点研究了固氮菌、放线菌、放线菌和放线菌。子囊菌酵母、担子菌酵母和丝状真菌。最后对东南亚微生物多样性进行了综合评价。3)对微生物资源的可持续开发利用进行了生理活性物质生产的研究和分析。日本大坂大学、北里大学等与泰国玛希隆大学合作，从放线菌中筛选出具有生物活性物质的菌株。4)我们发现的新微生物被保存在日本及其原产国的微生物资源中心。在这个项目中，我们可以更好地促进与东南亚微生物研究的科学交流。

Since the effectuation of Convention on Biological Diversity in 1992, preservation of the bioresource containing microbe and the contribution to the medical treatment, production of food, an enviromnmenttal treatment by sustainable utilization have become important. The importance has been shown also in Science and Technology Basic Law and a biotechnology strategy meeting. On the other hand, the microbial resources of Southeast Asia are decreasing. Accordingly preservation of the resources is an important subject, and sustainable utilization of the resources is strategically important also for our country which is a resource use country.In this research, evaluation of the diversity of microbial resources in Southeast Asia and possibility of use the microorganisms were performed as the four following points, in order to the protection of microbial resources and sustainable utilization in Asian nations. 1) We investigated the preservation situation of microbial resources in each, Thai, Philippine, Vietnam, and Taiwan. 2) Based on the taxonomic analysis the microbial diversity was investigated in several microbes, especially nitrogen fixing bacteria, actinobacteria, Archaea. ascomycetous yeast, basidiomycetous yeast and filamentous fungi. Finally the microbial diversity in Southeast Asia was evaluated synthetically. 3) The search and analysis of the physiologically active substance production which aimed at continuous exploitation of microbe resources were performed. The members of Osaka Univ. Kitasato Univ. were screening the strain producing some bioactive compound from actinobacteria with Mahidol University, Thailand. 4) Novel microbes which we found were deposited to the microbial resource center in Japan and its original countries. During this project, we could promote much better scientific exchange with microbial researches in Southeast Asia.