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Development of four-reflection X-ray telescope for the study ofmsmologicalwarm-hotintergaladcticmedium

用于研究大气暖热星系间介质的四反射X射线望远镜的研制

基本信息

批准号：
17204013
负责人：
TAWARA Yuzuru
金额：
$ 25.54万
依托单位：
Nagoya University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
2005
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2005 至 2007
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-17204013/
关键词：
X-ray X-ray telescope astrophysical hot plasma baryon large scale structure dark matter super-polishing X-ray imaging optics X線衛星 X線反射鏡レプリカ無電解ニッケル表面粗さ

项目摘要

The warm-hot intergalactic medium (WHIM) is an important probe to study large scale structure of the universe fomedby the dark matter, which consists of unknown elementary particles. WHIM is also important observation target to clarify the structure and the evolution of dark baryons, which have been hardly observed so far. In this research, we developed a new type of X-ray telescope to detect weak X-rays from WHIM At first we took four reflection mirror system as abase optics and established ray tracing code for analyzing these new optical systems including extended Wolter type I optics. Using this tool, we optimized telescope parameters such as focal length, diameters and length of element mirrors and minor surface materials to maximize performances such as an effective area, a field of view, GRASP and angular resolution under the condition of assumed satellite and detector structures. Based on this study we made a quadrant model of four-reflection telescope using segmented replica foil miner made by previously used method for Suzuki. Adding to this, we developed superpolished replica mandrel and multistage full shell minor substrate to get higher performance of a replica foil minor and reduce total number of element mirrors. On the mandrel, it was achieved that figure error was has than 0.5 μm and surface microtoughness was less than 1 nm. On the monolithic mirror substrate, we tried several methods and found that a direct machining method can be used to make such substrate with figure error of 10 μm Technologies developed in this research can be utilized to make telescopes for future satellite mission such as the DIOS

暖-热星系际介质（WHIM）是研究由未知基本粒子组成的暗物质形成的宇宙大尺度结构的重要探测器。WHIM也是阐明暗重子结构和演化的重要观测目标，迄今为止，人们几乎没有观测到暗重子。本研究中，我们研制了一种新型的X射线望远镜，用于探测WHIM产生的弱X射线。首先，我们采用四反射镜系统作为探测光学系统，建立了射线追迹程序，对包括扩展Wolter I型光学系统在内的新型光学系统进行了分析。使用该工具，我们优化的望远镜参数，如焦距，直径和长度的元素镜和次要表面材料，以最大限度地提高性能，如有效面积，视场，GRASP和角分辨率的条件下，假设的卫星和探测器结构。在此基础上，我们利用Suzuki的方法制作了一个四反射望远镜的四象限模型。除此之外，我们还开发了超抛光复制芯轴和多级全壳镜衬底，以获得更高性能的复制箔镜，并减少元件镜的总数。在芯模上，获得了形状误差小于0.5 μm，表面微观韧性小于1 nm的表面形貌。在单片反射镜基片上，我们尝试了几种方法，发现直接加工法可以制作出形状误差为10 μm的单片反射镜基片。本研究所开发的技术可以用于制作未来卫星使命（如DIOS）的望远镜