Ecological research of gregarious flowering of muli bamboo in Mizoram, India

竹子开花周期长，花期预测困难。导致生态学研究仅限于开花后，无法了解其开花前的行为。然而，通过对以往开花记录的深入分析、初步研究结果和对农民的访谈，我可以比较准确地预测孟加拉语称为木里竹的开花周期。本种分布于孟加拉国东部至缅甸西部，包括印度东北部。该物种的分布中心之一是印度的米佐拉姆。在这个地区，主要的农业系统之一是刀耕火种。据认为，这一物种通过焚烧农民扩大了其分布区域。通过分析，预测该种的开花周期为48年，预计2006-2007年为群居开花期。2005年，我们成立了 ...更多信息 p在米佐拉姆的两个研究地点。一个是在赛让进行生态研究，另一个是在马米特进行农业研究。在这两个网站Melocanna baccikra开始开花的预测在2006年秋季和第二年的结果。结果，我们得到了很多关于竹子开花的知识。正如已经注意到作为一个经验的数量和质量的新竹平静的开花年是非常低的。在开花前一年和开花后一年观察了花的群居性。在分子生态学研究中，我们利用叶片样品进行了DNA分析，并制作了克隆图谱。通过对该克隆图的检查，很明显这些小规模开花不是通过DNA组发生的。花序分为两种类型。一种类型具有类似雄花的功能，另一种类型雌雄同体。竹子的种子非常大，每根秆上产生20-50粒种子。通过观察，我们可以了解开花和结果的整个过程。此外，我们还获得了一些有关啮齿动物种群的生态学知识。它开始增加后不久，结果。关于竹子开花与刀耕火种农业的关系，指出了了解竹子开花周期对保持高产的必要性，这些关于竹子开花的详细知识被认为是世界上第一个记录。少

Prediction of bamboo flowering has been difficult because of its long flowering periodicity. It causes the ecological research only just after the flowering and it was impossible to understand its behavior before the flowering. Nevertheless, by the intimate analysis of the past flowering records, results of preliminary research and the interview to farmers, I could rather correctly predict the flowering periodicity of bamboo (Melocanna baccikra) called Muli Bamboo in Bengali. This species distributes from eastern part of Bangladesh to western part of Myanmar including north-east India.. One of the centers of this species distribution is Mizoram in India. In this area one of the main agriculture systems is slash-and-burned. It is thought that this species has expanded its distribution area by the burning of farmers. Through the analysis the flowering periodicity of this species has been predicted as 48 years and the coming gregarious flowering was expected in 2006-2007. In 2005 we set u … More p two research site in Mizoram. One was for an ecological research in Sairang and another one for an agricultural research in Mamit. In both sites Melocanna baccikra started to flower as predicted in the autumn of 2006 and fruited on the following year. As a result, we got a lot of knowledge about bamboo flowering. As already has been noticed as an experience the quantity and quality of new bamboo calms on the flowering year was very low. We also observed the flowering on the one year before and after the gregarious flowering. As the molecular ecological research we conducted DNA analysis using leaf samples and made a clone map. Through the inspection of this clone map it was clear that these small scale flowering does not occur by the DNA groups. Inflorescence was classified to two types. One type has a function like male flower and another androgynous. Bamboo seeds were very large and 20-50 seeds were produced on each culm. Through the observation we could understand all the process of flowering and fruiting. Addition to these results we also got some ecological knowledge about the rodents population. It started to increase just after fruiting. Concerning to the relationship between bamboo flowering and slash-and-burned agriculture, the necessity of understanding of flowering periodicity was indicated to keep the high productivity.These knowledge in detail concerning to bamboo flowering are regarded as the first records in the world. Less