The basic research for assignment of the date on cultural properties of paper materials(documents, classical books, the sacred teachings, drawings)

本研究的目的是建立方法来分配日期的文化财产的纸张材料（文件，经典书籍，神圣的教义，图纸），这是不清楚地写它的制造日期。该方法仅限于光学观察，即无损调查。为此，我们调查了文化财产，特别是原始文件的书写纸，前往拥有它们的机构。主要的有“东治百果梦条”、“上杉梦条”等。他们总共约有10，000人。此外，关于现代之前的文件的书写纸，为了确定这些纸是否真的能够按照我们小组指定的方式制造，我们与造纸工业的Kouch技术中心合作，尝试以原始状态复制它们。例如，其中一种方法是用“Turiboshi”来再现“Otakadannshi”。此外，考虑到 关于我们 即“唐前”（中国）与“奈良时代”（日本）的纸张关系，“所以”（中国）与“日本”的纸张关系，我们访问了中国和朝鲜，考察了文献和宗教的纸张。结果如下：关于中国的纸张，我们可以肯定，“卡恩”时代的前半期的纸张（在中国）作为书写材料还不成熟，但制作方法，与“甲米”（纸）相同，而来自“赛琳”的纸是很好的书写材料，另外，“森氏”和“苏氏”时代竹纸的白色和平滑度对江户时代的纸张生产产生了很大的影响。从日本古代手稿和书写纸的变化来看，从奈良时代的“麻纸”到江户时代的“大高纸”，我们可以把握到各个时代的书写纸的特点。而战国时期关东地区武士所发行的书信用纸，也是以往时代所没有的，我们需要思考它对江户时代纸张生产的影响。这些结果完全可以作为确定论文写作时间的标准。少

The object of this research is to establish the method to assign the date on cultural properties of paper materials (documents, classical books , the sacred teachings, drawings) which is not clearly written its manufactured date. The method is limited to one by the optical observation, that is, by unharmed investigation. To this end, we investigated the cultural properties, especially, the writing paper of original documents, going to the institution which are possessed to them. Main ones of them are 'Toji Hyakugo Monnjo", "Uesugike Monnjo" etc....They amount to about 10,000 in all. Also, about the writing paper of documents of before modern age, to ascertain whether those paper will actually be able to be made by the way our group assigned, we experimented in reproducing them in original state, in cooperation with the Kouch technical centre of the Paper Industry. One of them is reproducing of "Otakadannshi" by "Turiboshi" (=how to air them hanging), for example. And further, to consid … More er the relation between the paper of before "Tang age" (in China) and that of Nara age (in Japan), also between the paper of from "So" age (in China) and that of Japan, we visited China and Korea, and investigated the paper of documents and sacred teachings. The result is as follows: About Chinese paper we could confirm that the paper of the first half of "Kann" age (in China) is immature as materials to write on , but the method of making it, is the same as "Kami" (paper), and that the paper from "Sairinn" is good material to write on, also that the white and smoothness of "Sennshi" and bamboo paper from "So" age greatly influenced the production of paper from Edo age. On the subject of the change of Japanese ancient manuscripts and writing papers or something, we could grasp the characteristic writing paper of each age, from "Mashi" (cambric paper) in Nara age to "Otaka dannshi" in Edo period. And the writing paper of letters issued by Samurai in Kannto District in "Senngoku" period (warlike age), is singular to former ages, and we need to think over its effect on the production of paper in Edo period. These results can fully be used as the standard to assign the date of writing paper. Less