The basic research for assignment of the date on cultural properties of paper materials(documents, classical books, the sacred teachings, drawings)

本研究的目的是建立纸质材料(文献、经典书籍、神圣教义、图画)的文化属性指定日期的方法，这些材料没有明确地写出其制造日期。该方法仅限于一种光学观察，即无损调查。为此，我们调查了原始文献的文化属性，特别是原始文献的书写纸张，深入到它们所拥有的机构。主要的有“Toji Hyakugo Monnjo”、“Uesugike Monnjo”等，总共大约有10,000个。此外，关于现代以前的文件的书写纸，为了确定这些纸是否真的能够按照我们小组分配的方式制造，我们与造纸业的Kouch技术中心合作，试验了在原始状态下复制它们。例如，其中之一是由Turiboshi(=如何将它们悬挂在空气中)重现《Otakadannshi》。更进一步，考虑到…进一步探讨了“唐”以前的论文(中国)与奈良时代(日本)的关系，“始”时期的论文(中国)与日本的论文的关系，访问了中国和朝鲜，并对文献和教义论文进行了考察。研究结果如下：关于中国纸，我们可以肯定，“凯恩”时代前半期(中国)的纸作为写字材料是不成熟的，但它的制作方法与“卡米”(纸)是相同的，“塞林”的纸是很好的写字材料，“森氏”和“索”时代的竹纸的白色和光滑对江户时代的纸的产生产生了很大的影响。在日本古代手稿和文字的变化等问题上，我们可以把握每个时代的特色文字，从奈良时代的“麻纸”到江户时代的“大竹丹石”。而关东地区“仙谷古”时期(战国时代)武士的书信书写，则是历代的单数，我们需要思考其对江户时期纸张生产的影响。这些结果完全可以作为指定论文撰写日期的标准。较少

The object of this research is to establish the method to assign the date on cultural properties of paper materials (documents, classical books , the sacred teachings, drawings) which is not clearly written its manufactured date. The method is limited to one by the optical observation, that is, by unharmed investigation. To this end, we investigated the cultural properties, especially, the writing paper of original documents, going to the institution which are possessed to them. Main ones of them are 'Toji Hyakugo Monnjo", "Uesugike Monnjo" etc....They amount to about 10,000 in all. Also, about the writing paper of documents of before modern age, to ascertain whether those paper will actually be able to be made by the way our group assigned, we experimented in reproducing them in original state, in cooperation with the Kouch technical centre of the Paper Industry. One of them is reproducing of "Otakadannshi" by "Turiboshi" (=how to air them hanging), for example. And further, to consid … More er the relation between the paper of before "Tang age" (in China) and that of Nara age (in Japan), also between the paper of from "So" age (in China) and that of Japan, we visited China and Korea, and investigated the paper of documents and sacred teachings. The result is as follows: About Chinese paper we could confirm that the paper of the first half of "Kann" age (in China) is immature as materials to write on , but the method of making it, is the same as "Kami" (paper), and that the paper from "Sairinn" is good material to write on, also that the white and smoothness of "Sennshi" and bamboo paper from "So" age greatly influenced the production of paper from Edo age. On the subject of the change of Japanese ancient manuscripts and writing papers or something, we could grasp the characteristic writing paper of each age, from "Mashi" (cambric paper) in Nara age to "Otaka dannshi" in Edo period. And the writing paper of letters issued by Samurai in Kannto District in "Senngoku" period (warlike age), is singular to former ages, and we need to think over its effect on the production of paper in Edo period. These results can fully be used as the standard to assign the date of writing paper. Less