Realization and application of single photons in a single spatio-temporal mode by group velocity engineering

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The aim of this project was to realize single photon sources with spatio-temporal coherence and its application to optical quantum circuits. As a result, we succeed in the realization of a single photon source with two photon interference visibility of 95.8%. We also succeeded in the realization of 'an entanglement filter' which extracts certain polarization correlations between the two-photon inputs, and 'controlled-NOT optical quantum circuit' which was proposed by Knill et. al. in 2001 and the first step towards the scalable linear optics quantum computation. We also developed quasi phase matching devices for the control of group velocity dispersion and evaluated them.