Ultrafine particle made by a friction-new evolution of material seismology-

为了测量晶体碎片内的能量，我开发了用于氢氟酸的胶囊。这个胶囊是世界上第一个，我用微量热计成功地测量了石英的溶解热。根据非晶态SiO_2的溶解热，其溶解热约为2000J/g，焦耳热相当于1011erg。在此基础上，认为地震滑动过程中的能量分配是断裂表面能、摩擦热能和地震波能三种能量，主要消耗的能量是摩擦热和地震波能，而我们的研究结果表明，断裂能消耗的主要是机械能使晶体非晶化的能量。这是物质地震学的新证据和新贡献。

For the measurement of energy within the crystal fragments, I have developed the capsule using in hydrofluoric acid. This capsule is the first in the world.I have succeed in measurement of the heat of dissolution of quartz by using a microcalorimeter. On the bases of the heat of dissolution of amorphous SiO2, The heat of dissolution was about 2000J/g. The joule heat correspond with 1011 erg. On the basis of above menstion, energy partitioning during seismic slip is considered to be three types of energy as fracture surface energy, frictional heat energy and seismic wave energy and main consumptive energy is frictional heat and seismic wave energy, however, our results of the study shows that most consumption of fracture energy is the energy of the amorphization of crystal by the mechanical energy. This is new evidence and contribution for material seismology.