Thermodynamic Measurement of Oxide Systems Containing Phosphorus by Knudsen Cell Mass Spectrometry

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Double Knudsen mass spectrometry was adapted to thermodynamic measurements of oxide systems. Using this technique to measure thermodynamic properties of oxide systems containing phosphorus oxide, the Gibbs energies of formation of calciumand aluminum phosphates were estimated. In addition, the thermodynamic measurements for activity of phosphorus oxide in molten or multi phase flux, which is used in de-phosphorization process of iron and steel making industry, are also achieved.