Breaking immunological tolerance to canine malignant melanoma by inhibition of Gpnmb expression : a new approach for melanoma immunotherapy

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Gpnmb is a negative regulator of T lymphocyte activation, and also a tumor-associated antigen in melanoma. We identified the cDNA sequence of canine Gpnmb, and it showed high mRNA expression of Gpnmb in two canine melanoma cell lines. Furthermore, Gpnmb mRNA level was much higher than the other well-known negative regulators in melanoma tissues of dogs. These results suggested that Gpnmb was specifically expressed in canine melanoma and a most important negative regulator among the others.