Multiple-timescale dynamics in human skill learning

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A singular case of a quadriplegic calligrapher who writes with a brush gripped between his teeth was studied. When the same Chinese character was written multiple times, joint configuration variability was structured in such a way to keep the brush pressure, brush angle, and upright head posture invariant over different realizations of the task while allowing for fluctuations that do not affect these task variables. The results illustrated the functionally specific motor variability of the calligrapher which flexibly links behavior to the task-relevant aspects of the environment.