Individual difference in stereoscopic vision: the effects of inter-ocular distance and prior-experience

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The effect of inter-ocular distance (the horizontal distance between left and right eyes) on the stereoscopic depth perception was tested. We asked approx. 50 observers to report the size of depth they perceived in the random dot stereograms. The stereograms had five different sizes of binocular disparity. The stimuli were shown on a computer display and observed through an anaglyph at a fixed viewing distance. The inter-ocular distance of each observer was measured with a pupil distance meter. It was found that there was a negative correlation between the inter-ocular distance and the mean size of the perceived depth. Also, there was a negative correlation between the inter-ocular distance and the standard deviation of the perceived depth. The results suggest that the visual system uses inter-ocular distance information to calculate the size of depth in stereoscopic stimuli.