Trained eyes: experience promotes adaptive gaze control in dynamic and uncertain visual environments.
Trained eyes: experience promotes adaptive gaze control in dynamic and uncertain visual environments.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0071371
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Osman M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Taya S;Windridge D;Osman M
目前的眼动追踪研究表明，我们的眼睛会对即将到来的任务相关的位置进行预期运动。此外，有证据表明，随着更多的练习，预期的注视控制可以改善。然而，这些发现在很大程度上仅限于参与者积极参与任务的情况。我们要问：当被动地观察一个视觉场景时，经验是否会调节预期的注视控制？为了解决这个问题，我们测试了具有不同程度网球经验的人，以揭示他们在观看网球视频时的经验和眼动行为之间的潜在联系。对围绕“事件”进行的扫视（快速眼球运动）的数量、大小和准确性进行了分析，这对场景上下文（即击中和反弹）至关重要。总的来说，我们发现，在观看网球片段时，这种体验改善了预期的眼球运动。一般来说，那些具有丰富经验的人对即将到来的事件位置表现出更高的扫视准确性;这对于场景中具有高不确定性（即球反弹）的事件尤其普遍。结果表明，即使在被动观察时，我们的视线控制系统也会利用先前的相关知识来预测即将发生的不确定事件的位置。
Current eye-tracking research suggests that our eyes make anticipatory movements to a location that is relevant for a forthcoming task. Moreover, there is evidence to suggest that with more practice anticipatory gaze control can improve. However, these findings are largely limited to situations where participants are actively engaged in a task. We ask: does experience modulate anticipative gaze control while passively observing a visual scene? To tackle this we tested people with varying degrees of experience of tennis, in order to uncover potential associations between experience and eye movement behaviour while they watched tennis videos. The number, size, and accuracy of saccades (rapid eye-movements) made around ‘events,’ which is critical for the scene context (i.e. hit and bounce) were analysed. Overall, we found that experience improved anticipatory eye-movements while watching tennis clips. In general, those with extensive experience showed greater accuracy of saccades to upcoming event locations; this was particularly prevalent for events in the scene that carried high uncertainty (i.e. ball bounces). The results indicate that, even when passively observing, our gaze control system utilizes prior relevant knowledge in order to anticipate upcoming uncertain event locations.
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