Revealing energy injection and the durability of cosmic-ray acceleration at shocks of supernova remnants

银河系宇宙射线的产生需要在超新星残余物激波的费米加速之前进行一些预加速过程。为了揭示这一过程，我们重点研究了在预加速过程中出现的超热粒子对热气体的电离效应。我们计算了与超热粒子相互作用的热气体的x射线光谱。通过这些计算，我们检查了超新星残骸中重组等离子体的x射线光谱，因为热粒子的电离效应在这种等离子体中可以忽略不计。我们在光谱中没有发现明显的超热粒子电离效应的观测证据，这是因为在演化早期可能的加速和电离之后，x射线光谱在很长一段时间内遭受了强烈的复合效应。另一方面，我们在下一代x射线卫星ASTRO-H上发现了一种不同的高分辨率x射线诊断光谱仪来检测超热电子。

Production of Galactic cosmic rays requires some pre-acceleration process prior to Fermi acceleration at shocks of supernova remnants. To reveal the process, we focus on the ionization effect of thermal gas by supra-thermal particles which appear in a pre-acceleration process. We calculated X-ray spectra from thermal gas that interacts with supra-thermal particles. With these calculations we examined X-ray spectra of recombining plasma in supernova remnants, because the ionization effect by thermal particles would be negligible in this type of plasma. We found no significant observational evidence of ionization effect by supra-thermal particles in the spectra, because the X-ray spectra are suffered by strong recombination effect for a long time after the possible acceleration and ionization in the early stage of evolution. On the other hand, we found a different X-ray diagnostic with high-resolution spectrometer on the next X-ray satellite ASTRO-H to detect supra-thermal electrons.