Evolution of life histories of semelparous herbaceous plants

多年生草本植物生活史的进化

• 批准号: 09440261
• 负责人: KACHI Naoki
• 金额: $ 4.22万
• 依托单位: TOKYO METROPOLITAN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B).
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1997 至 1999
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-09440261/
• 关键词: semelparity; Aster kantoensis; Lobelia boninensis; matrix model; critical size; Lysimachia rubida; life history evolution; herbaceous plants; マトリックス・モデル; 生活史の進化; 表現型可型性; 生活史進化

1. We investigated genetic basis of size-dependent reproduction of semelparous herbaceous plants based on demographic analyses.2. From pot culture experiment, we found that size and age of reproduction of Aster kantoensis are determined by the family and nutrient conditions ass well as their interactions.3. A demographic study on the population of Lobelia boninensis in Bonin Islands revealed that the yearly variations in the population dynamics are most affected by the survivorship of rosette plants. In spite of large year-to-year variations in the population size, the numbers of seeds produced by the whole population were relatively constant. Although the population size increased by ca. 8 times during the two years, the population growth rates estimated by a matrix model predicted rapid decline of the population, mainly due to the high mortality among small sized rosettes.4. We analyzed spatial patterns of the mortality of a biennial, Lysimachia rubida endemic to the Bonin islands. Competition among neighbor plants caused suppression and eventual death of individuals in areas of high local densities. The spatial heterogeneity of soil surface conditions caused density-independent and site-dependent mortality and leaded to clumped distribution of plants.

1.基于种群统计学分析，探讨了单胎草本植物大小依赖性繁殖的遗传基础.通过盆栽试验发现，关东紫菀的大小和繁殖年龄是由家系和营养条件及其相互作用决定的.对小笠原群岛半边莲种群的统计学研究表明，种群动态的年变化受莲座植物存活率的影响最大。尽管种群规模逐年变化很大，但整个种群产生的种子数量相对恒定。虽然人口数量增加了。2年内8次，用矩阵模型估计的种群增长率预测种群迅速下降，主要是由于小型莲座的高死亡率.我们分析了小笠原群岛特有的两年生红香草死亡率的空间格局。相邻植物之间的竞争造成抑制和最终死亡的个人在地区的高局部密度。土壤表面条件的空间异质性导致了植物的密度依赖性和地点依赖性死亡，并导致了集群分布。

项目成果

Numata, S., Kachi, N., Okuda, T. & Manokaran, N.: "Chemical defenses of fruits and mast-fruiting of dipterocarps"Journal of Tropical Ecology. 15. 695-700 (1999)

沼田，S.，卡奇，N.，奥田，T.

Nishitani,S., Takada,T. & Kachi,N.: "Optinal resource allocation to seeds and vegetative propagules under density-dependent regurations syreilesis palmata (Compositae)"Plant Ecology. 141. 179-189 (1999)

西谷，S.，高田，T.

倉本 宣・加賀谷 美津子・可知 直毅・井上 健: "カワラノギクの衰退とセーフサイトについての研究" ランドスケープ研究. 60. 557-560 (1997)

Norihiro Kuramoto、Mitsuko Kagaya、Naoki Kachi 和 Ken Inoue：“C. japonica 的衰退和安全地点研究”景观研究 60. 557-560 (1997)。

Numata, S., Kachi, N., Okuda, T., Manokaran, N.: "Chemical defenses of fruits and mast-finiting of dipterocarps"Journal of Tropical Ecology. 15. 695-700 (1999)

Numata, S.、Kachi, N.、Okuda, T.、Manokaran, N.：“水果的化学防御和龙脑香科植物的肥大限制”热带生态学杂志。

Mishio, M., Kachi, N. & Kawakubo, N.: "Leaf morphology and photosynthetic characteristics of Boninia (Rutaceae)"Ogasawara Kenkyu Nenpo (Annual Report of Ogasawara Research). 23. 29-34 (1999)

三尾，M.，卡奇，N.