Physiological and molecular genetical studies on the cell signaling for regulation of sperm motllity

在精子激活的研究中，已证实钙离子是激活鲱鱼精的第二信使，而cAMP不是激活精子所必需的，鲱鱼精的激活是由卵源性鲱鱼精激活蛋白（HSAP）激活的。此外，发现钙离子的增加是由钙/钠交换机制产生的，并且在精子活化中起关键作用。在海鞘、玻璃海鞘和赛维氏海鞘中，精子激活和吸引因子（SAAF）的分子结构已被确定。用计算机分析了一个精子的运动轨迹，对精子的趋化性进行了定量研究，该精子的运动轨迹表现出对卵子的趋化性。在本研究中，我们进行了更详细的分析， ...更多信息 利用高速摄像系统对精子的趋化性进行定量分析，人卵卵泡液中含有激活精子运动和趋化的因子。在本研究中，我们试图通过有机溶剂（如乙醇和氯仿）提取精子激活因子来分离精子激活因子。进一步纯化的因素进行了几个色谱技术，我们得出的结论是，纯化的因素将不会是孕酮和心钠素，已被认为是负责精子激活和趋化性的因素。此外，由卵泡因子触发的精子激活的细胞信号转导正在研究中。我们的实验室已经发现，精子激活因子结合并存在于精子中，在海水中产卵时从精子中释放出来，激活精子的活力。从含有睾丸精子的条件培养液中分离出精子激活因子，并尝试用柱层析法进行纯化。此外，由精子衍生因子触发的精子激活的细胞信号转导正在研究中。少

In the studies on the activation of sperm motility, it has been established that calcium ions is a prerequisite second messenger for the activation of herring sperm whose motility is activated by egg derived Herring Sperm Activating proteins(HSAPs), but cAMP is not necessary for the sperm activation. Furthermore, it was found that increase in the calcium ions is produced by the calcium/sodium exchange mechanism and plays a key role in the sperm activation. Occurrence of membrane depolarization concomitantly with the activation of sperm motility was also found. In the ascidians, Ciona intestinalis and C.savignyi The molecular structure of Sperm Activating and Attracting Factor(SAAF)was decided. It is the new steroid with 2 sulfuric acid residues.Quantitative studies on the sperm chemotaxis has been performed using computer analysis of the trajectory in a spermatozoon whose swimming direction exhibits chemotaxis toward an egg. In the present study, more detailed analysis was conducted us … More ing high speed video system to improve the quantitative analysis of sperm chemotaxis.Follicular fluid from human eggs contains factor(s)responsible for the activation of sperm motility and sperm chemotaxis. In the present study, we tried to isolate the factor for sperm activation using extraction of the factor by organic solvents, such as ethanol and chloroform. Further purification of the factor was performed by several chromatographical techniques, and we concluded that the purified factor will not be progesterone and atrial natriuretic factor that had been considered as factors responsible for sperm activation and chemotaxis. Furthermore, cell signaling for the sperm activation which is triggered by the follicular factor is now under investigation.It has been found in our laboratory that sperm activation factor is bound and present in the sperm, and it is released from the sperm at spawning in sea water and activate motility of the sperm. The curious factor, sperm derived sperm activator was isolated in the conditioning medium including sperm isolated from testes and tried to be purified by column chromatographies. Furthermore, cell signaling for the sperm activation which triggered by the sperm-derived factor is under investigation. Less