Studies on Diversity and Universality in Sperm Activation and Chemotaxis at Fertilization

从人卵泡液中提取的精子激活物质已得到部分纯化，但其化学结构尚不清楚。研究了精胶质和锌离子在启动人类精子活力中的作用，研究结果发表在国际科学杂志《人类生殖》上。对蝾螈精子激活肽进行了纯化和分子结构鉴定。此外，通过与意大利科学家的合作，获得了蝾螈衍生的精子激活肽也能激活蝾螈和原始蟾蜍精子的有趣结果。免疫组化分析表明，蝾螈、蝾螈和蟾蜍的精子激活肽具有相似的免疫特性。与美国科学家的合作表明，钙离子在蝾螈精子激活的细胞信号机制中起着重要作用。在海鞘精子活化和趋化的种特异性方面，属间存在明显的种特异性。此外，还成功地对两种海鞘（Phallusia mamillata）和悉尼海鞘（Ascidia sydney）进行了精子激活和吸引因子的纯化过程。对海参卵果冻层中的精子活性物质进行了部分纯化，经鉴定该物质为小肽。对海星精子运动起始机制的生理分析清楚地表明，锌结合酶碳酸酐酶通过控制C0_2/HCO_3来调节细胞内pH，从而引发精子运动。最后，我们试图利用精子运动分析软件Boh Boh来研究褐藻中精子激活和趋化的细胞信号。

Sperm activating substance derived from human follicular fluid was partially purified, but chemical structure of it is still obscure. The role of semenogelin and zinc ions for the initiation of human sperm motility was investigated and the obtained results were publishing in the international scientific journal "Human Reproduction". Purification and identification of molecular structure of sperm activating peptides were tried in newt. Furthermore, the interesting results that newt derived sperm activating peptide also activates sperm of salamander and primitive toad were obtained by collaboration work with Italian scientists. Immuno-histochemical analysis showed that the sperm activating peptides from newt, salamander and toad are similar immunological properties. Collaboration works with American scientists showed that calucium ions has an important role in the cell signaling mechanism for sperm activation in newt. In regards with species specificity in sperm activation and chemotaxis in ascidians, there was clear species specificity between genus. Furthermore, Purification processes of sperm activating and attracting factors were successfully proceeded in the two ascidian species, Phallusia mamillata and Ascidia sydneiensis. Sperm activating substance from jelly layer of sea cucumber eggs was partially purified, and it was identified that the substance will be small peptide. Physiological analyses on the-mechanism of the initiation of sperm motility in starfish have clearly shown that a zinc binding enzyme, carbonic anhydrase regulates intracellular pH by controlling C0_2/HCO_3 for triggering the phenomenon. We finally tried to investigate the outline of cell signaling for sperm activation and chemotaxis in brown algae using software for sperm motility analysis, Boh Boh.