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Establishment of Synthetic Emission Control Strategy for Atmospheric Pollutants in East Asia

东亚大气污染物综合排放控制战略的建立

基本信息

批准号：
09480135
负责人：
IKEDA Yukoh
金额：
$ 7.87万
依托单位：
Osaka Prefecture University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B).
财政年份：
1997
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1997 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

In this study, a long range transport and deposition model (OPU-Model) was developed. The source-receptor relationship of acidic pollutants was estimated by the model. The contribution of pollutants emitted at China was larger in Kyushu and Japan Sea-side regions than in Kanto area. Emission inventories of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides in China for 2030 and carbon dioxides for 2010 were predicted. The critical load of Japanese soil for acid deposition was estimated and it was proved that the corrosion of materials due to dry and wet depositions of pollutants was useful as a indicator of environmental impact assessment.An available control strategy was estimated by the following conditions for Chinese sulfur emission which have not been taken measures nowadays. Those were to minimize the total control cost, to be under the allowable load of soil for deposition of sulfate and under the environmental standard for sulfur dioxides concentration in the atmosphere and to use either fuel exchange or engineering technology as a control method. By the estimation, the emission must be decreased to 40% of 2010's inventory. The control strategy is mainly a shift from crude coal to selected coal. It is recognized that the reduction of sulfur emission leads to the reduction of carbon dioxides. If the control is practiced to satisfy environmental allowable levels of sulfur dioxides and sulfate deposition in China, the contribution rate of acidic deposition on Korea and Japan by Chinese emission source will reduce by half.

在这项研究中，发展了一个远程迁移和沉积模型(OPU-Model)。利用该模型估算了酸性污染物的源-受体关系。中国排放的污染物对九州和日本沿海地区的贡献大于关东地区。对中国2030年二氧化硫、氮氧化物排放量和2010年二氧化碳排放量进行了预测。对日本土壤的酸沉降临界负荷进行了估算，证明了污染物干湿沉降对材料的腐蚀是环境影响评价的一个有用指标。根据我国目前尚未采取措施的硫排放条件，评估了一种可行的控制策略。将总控制成本降至最低，控制在土壤允许的硫酸盐沉降量和大气中二氧化硫浓度的环境标准之下，并采用燃料交换或工程技术作为控制方法。经测算，排放量必须降至2010年S库存的40%。调控策略主要是从原煤转向精煤。人们认识到，减少硫排放会导致二氧化碳的减少。如果控制中国的二氧化硫和硫酸盐沉降量达到环境允许水平，中国排放源对韩国和日本的酸沉降量贡献率将下降一半。